1	This term is the most general term possible	\N	\N	\N
2	inheritance relationship	\N	\N	\N
5	The body of the developing embryo attached to the maternal tissue in the ovule by filamentous suspensor.	\N	\N	\N
6	A multicellular layer with outer epidermis and an inner endothecium.	\N	\N	\N
7	The entire plant, including roots, shoots and leaves, at any stage of its life cycle.	\N	This term is so general that it should be avoided whenever possible.	\N
8	Isolated and grown plant protoplast, cell, tissue and organ, involving, as a common factor, growth of microbe-free plant material in sterile environment, such as sterilized nutrient medium in a test tube or petri dish.	\N	\N	\N
9	In vitro grown isolated cells and small cell aggregates that proliferate while suspended in liquid sterile medium or spread on a solid agar medium.	\N	In cell cultures, the cells are no longer organized into tissues.	\N
10	In vitro isolated cells from which the entire cell wall has been enzymatically removed.	\N	\N	\N
11	In vitro grown isolated cells and small cell aggregates that originated from isolated leaf protoplasts (after they re-established cell wall, or from callus that was induced from leaf tissue).	\N	\N	\N
12	In vitro grown isolated cells and small cell aggregates that originated from isolated protoplasts after they re-established cell wall, or from callus that was induced from segment of root.	\N	\N	\N
13	In vitro grown cell aggregates that originated from isolated protoplasts, cell suspensions, or from callus that was induced in sterile medium the supplemented by plant growth regulators.	\N	\N	\N
14	In vitro isolated and maintained mature or immature zygotic embryos, somatic embryos or haploid embryos (derived from male gametophyte).	\N	\N	\N
15	An embryo arising from previously differentiated somatic cells in vitro, rather than from fused haploid gametes, i.e., zygote.	\N	\N	\N
16	Hook-like structure which develops at the apical part of the hypocotyl in dark-grown seedlings in dicots.	\N	\N	\N
17	Leaf or pairs/whorls of leaves borne on the stem.	\N	In Arabidopsis, refers to the leaves that are borne on the elongated inflorescence branches.	\N
18	One of multiple leaves borne in a rosette - a group of leaves, generally borne at the base of the plant, that are separated by very short internodes.	\N	n Arabidopsis, vegetative development is characterized by the production of the rosette leaves.	\N
19	An organized group of cells that will differentiate into a cotyledon.	\N	\N	\N
20	An organized group of cells derived from the root pericycle that will differentiate into a new root.	\N	\N	\N
21	An organized group of cells that will differentiate into leaf that are emerging as an outgrowth in the shoot apex (flanking the meristem).	\N	\N	\N
22	An organized group of cells that will differentiate into ovule.	\N	\N	\N
23	The very first appearance of gynoecium.	\N	\N	\N
24	OBSOLETE. Cells characterized by conspicuous and rather stable accumulation of starch.	\N	Uninformative definition	\N
26	The very first appearance of a petal.	\N	\N	\N
27	A layer of fatty material, cutin, rather impervious to water, located on the outer walls of epidermal cells.	\N	\N	\N
28	A band-like wall formation within primary walls that contains suberin and lignin; typical of endodermal cells in roots, in which it occurs in radial and transverse anticlinal walls.	\N	\N	\N
29	A complex of cell wall invaginations in a synergid cell similar to those in transfer cells.	\N	\N	\N
30	The portion of the root including the meristem and root cap.	\N	\N	\N
31	The portion of the primary root including the meristem and root cap.	\N	\N	\N
32	The portion of the lateral root including the meristem and root cap.	\N	\N	\N
33	Tip portion of the pollen tube that is rapidly growing.	\N	\N	\N
34	Tip portion of an outgrowth of a root epidermal cell.	\N	\N	\N
35	A thin partition or membrane that divides a cavity or a mass of tissue, e.g., in anther, ovary or fruit.	\N	\N	\N
36	Loosely-packed mass of cork cells occurring especially in the young stem, bark or even leaf of a plant, visible on the surface as a raised, often powdery-appearing spot, through which gaseous exchange occurs.	\N	\N	\N
37	A group of four haploid cells that remained joined together shortly after meiosis. Each cell will give rise to the male gametophyte.	\N	\N	\N
38	Portion of an organ that is fragmented; in capsule, theportions into which the pericarp splits at maturity.	\N	\N	\N
39	Total of the vascular tissues in their specific arrangement in a plant or plant organ.	\N	\N	\N
40	Vascular system of the cotyledon.	\N	\N	\N
41	Vascular system of the leaf.	\N	\N	\N
42	Part of the sporophyte composed of the stems and leaves, and includes shoot apical meristems.	\N	\N	\N
44	The topmost part of the shoot, situated at the distal extremity of the shoot axis, consists of apical meristem and the youngest leaf primordia.	\N	\N	\N
45	Cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and two polar nuclei of the central cell (or diploid secondary endosperm nucleus, in cases where two polar nuclei fuse together before double fertilization). The first cell of the endosperm, often tripoid.	\N	\N	\N
46	Vascular tissues in their specific arrangements in the stem	\N	\N	\N
47	Enlargement or swelling at position of dormant adventitious root primordium (on the stem), inhabited by nitrogen-fixing bacteria.	\N	Unlike the root nodules, these contain functioning chloroplasts in the nodule cortex and are therefore capable of carbon fixation. Note\\: stem nodule is commonly used term for this structure, although the nodules are formed at positions of dormant adventitious root primordia.	\N
48	One of the two types of short cells in the epidermis of grasses and bamboos. It is usually paired with silica cell.	\N	Developmentally different from periderm cork cell (i.e., phellem), produced by cork cambium.\\n	\N
49	Post-embryonic root developed from stem.	\N	\N	\N
51	Adventitious root formed at the base of the growing stem (known as a crown).	\N	\N	\N
52	Adventitious root formed at stem nodes above the ground and growing directly into the soil.	\N	This term is perhaps best defined functionally\\: these roots serve to prop the plant up.	\N
53	Root that is initiated in developing embryo.	\N	\N	\N
54	Root formed at the scutelar node of the embryo in some monocotyledonous plants.	\N	\N	\N
55	Epidermal layer of a leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
56	Vascular system of the leaf lamina.	\N	\N	\N
57	The epidermal layer of the abaxial/lower surface of the leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
58	The epidermal layer of the adaxial/upper surface of the leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
59	Epidermal layer of a leaf petiole.	\N	\N	\N
60	Vascular system of the leaf petiole.	\N	\N	\N
61	The primary tissue located between the vascular system and the epidermis of the petiole.	\N	\N	\N
62	Cell of the mesophyll of a hydathode found between the xylem endings and the epidermis.	\N	Proposed to be involved in the retrieval of solutes from the xylem sap.	\N
63	A cell or a group of cells constituting an active locus of meristematic activity in a tissue composed of somewhat older, differentiating cells.	\N	\N	\N
64	A specialized parenchyma cell associated with a sieve-tube member in angiosperm phloem and arising from the same mother cell as the sieve-tube member.	\N	\N	\N
65	A relatively unspecialized cell with a nucleate protoplast.	\N	\N	\N
66	Elongated living cells with unevenly thickened nonlignified primary walls.	\N	\N	\N
67	Parenchyma cell containing chloroplasts; a component of leaf mesophyll and other green parenchyma tissue.	\N	\N	\N
68	Usually dead cell variable in form and size, with more or less thick, often lignified, secondary walls.	\N	\N	\N
69	A cell with wall ingrowths (or invaginations) that increase the surface of the plasmalemma.	\N	Appears to be specialized for short-distance transfer of solutes.	\N
70	An elongated cell with approximately wedge-shaped ends, found in the vascular cambium, which gives rise to the elements of the axial system in the secondary vascular tissues.	\N	\N	\N
71	A vascular cell derived from the fusiform cambial initial and oriented with its longest diameter parallel with the main axis of stem or root.	\N	These cells make up the axial system, also known as vertical or longitudinal system.	\N
72	A cell in the vascular cambium that gives rise to ray cells of the secondary xylem and secondary phloem.	\N	\N	\N
73	A haploid male reproductive cell (usually two in number); during double fertilization, one fuses with the female gamete (egg cell) to produce a zygote while another fusses with the two polar nuclei of the central cell to give rise to endosperm.	\N	\N	\N
74	Epidermal layer of the stem.	\N	\N	\N
75	Cell that surrounds a trichome and provides its support.	\N	\N	\N
76	Zone at base of leaf, flower, fruit, or other plant part that contains an abscission (or separation) layer and a protective layer, both involved in the abscission of the plant part.	\N	\N	\N
77	Cell, usually two in number, in the micropylar end of the embryo sac of angiosperms associated with the egg in the egg apparatus.	\N	\N	\N
78	Endosperm in which at least the first karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis.	\N	\N	\N
79	Endosperm in which the first karyokinesis event is accompanied by cytokinesis.	\N	\N	\N
80	The region of the endosperm closest to the micropyle of the seed.	\N	\N	\N
81	The part of the endosperm nearest the chalazal region of the ovule and forming a cyst-like structure.	\N	Not in current literature. More like an attribute.	\N
82	The epidermal layer of the nectary.	\N	\N	\N
83	The primary tissue located between the vascular system and the epidermis of the stem.	\N	\N	\N
84	An area of densely packed cells in the shoot apex that divide infrequently.	\N	Functions as a population of stem cells that replenishes the meristem.	\N
85	Organogenic region of the meristem,  characterized by higher rates of cell division.	\N	\N	\N
86	The region of the meristem that lies below the central zone and is flanked by the peripheral zone	\N	\N	\N
87	Meristem that gives rise to the floral organs.	\N	\N	\N
88	Meristem that gives rise to the inflorescence.	\N	\N	\N
89	Meristems formed in the axil of the leaf.	\N	\N	\N
90	The megaspore(s) that forms the embryo sac.	\N	\N	\N
91	In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that would not participate in megagametogenesis.	\N	\N	\N
92	The innermost layer of the cortex in roots and stems of seed plants. The layer of tissue forming a sheath around the vascular region and often having a casparian strip in its anticlinal walls; it may have secondary walls later.	\N	\N	\N
93	A root epidermal cell with a simple extension that is concerned with absorption of soil solution.	\N	\N	\N
94	The primary tissue located between the vascular system and the epidermis of the root.	\N	In dicots and gymnosperms, the cortex consists of mainly parenchyma cells. In monocots sclerenchyma develops in addition to parenchyma.	\N
95	The smaller cell produced by the asymmetric division of a root epidermal cell that gives rise to a root hair.	\N	\N	\N
96	A cell formed after asymmetric division of root epidermal cell that does not give rise to a root hair.	\N	\N	\N
97	The first formed elements of the primary xylem.	\N	\N	\N
98	A cell making up xylem tissue.	\N	\N	\N
99	A fiber in xylem.	\N	\N	\N
100	An outgrowth from the epidermis varying in size and complexity and including hairs, scales, and other structures; may be glandular.	\N	In Arabidopsis, patterning of trichome development is not random but does not appear to be lineage-based like stomata.	\N
101	OBSOLETE. A cell in a tissue that markedly differs in form, size, or contents from other cells in the same tissue.	\N	This term was made obsolete because its a kind of attribute for a cell type.	\N
102	An epidermal cell associated with a stoma and at least morphologically distinguishable from the other epidermal cells.	\N	\N	\N
103	One of the series of cells that make up a sieve tube; it shows a more or less pronounced differentiation between sieve plates (wide pores) and lateral sieve areas (narrow pores).	\N	Also sieve tube element and the obsolete sieve tube segment.	\N
104	General term for any water conducting cell, tracheid or vessel member.	\N	\N	\N
105	One of a pair of cells flanking the stomatal pore.	\N	They cause the opening and closing of the pore by changes in turgor.	\N
106	Cell localized in the vascular cambium or phellogen that their periclinal divisions can contribute cells either to the outside or to the inside of the axis; in vascular cambium, classified into fusiform initials (source of axial cells of xylem and phloem) and ray initials (source of the ray cells).	\N	\N	\N
107	In the xylem, a dead elongated water-conducting cell in which at least the middle lamella of the end walls remains intact.	\N	\N	\N
108	Relatively unspecialized tissue present in the nectary.	\N	\N	\N
109	Epidermal cell with characteristic sinuous anticlinal cell walls that overall give a jigsaw like appearance to the leaf epidermis.	\N	\N	\N
110	A relatively unspecialized cell that will give rise to specialized cell types of the epidermis.	\N	\N	\N
111	Epidermal cell that divides to produce the guard cells.	\N	\N	\N
112	Cell containing glucosinolates ("mustard oil glucosides") and myrosinases, enzymes hydrolyzing the glucosinolates.	\N	\N	\N
113	Cell in exodermis or endodermis that remains thin walled when the associated cells develop thick secondary walls.	\N	\N	\N
114	A fiber-like tracheid in the secondary xylem; commonly thick walled, with pointed ends and bordered pits that have lenticular to slit-like apertures.	\N	\N	\N
115	Part of the primary xylem that differentiates after the protoxylem and before the secondary xylem, if any of the latter is formed.	\N	\N	\N
116	OBSOLETE. Cell containing mucilages or gums or similar carbohydrate material characterized by the property of swelling in water.	\N	Functional term	\N
117	A cell derived from vascular cambium which is destined to differentiate into secondary phloem.	\N	Phloem islands can be formed in the middle of the xylem.	\N
118	Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell.	\N	\N	\N
119	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores.	\N	\N	\N
120	An opening in the epidermis of leaves and stems bordered by two guard cells and serving in gas exchange.	\N	\N	\N
121	A soft protuberance on an epidermal cell of the stigma.	\N	\N	\N
122	The lowermost cell formed after the first division of the zygote.	\N	\N	\N
123	One of the cellular components of a vessel, a dead cell with the wall between adjacent members being variously perforated and the walls that persist variously thickened.	\N	\N	\N
124	A region of the root between the meristem and the region of rapid elongation in which isodiametric growth (cell expansion) occurs.	\N	\N	\N
125	A zone of small, densely cytoplasmic cells that are dividing and expanding in size located behind the zone of cell division in the primary root.	\N	\N	\N
126	OBSOLETE. The root of particular parasitic plants that becomes cemented to the host axis and intrudes into the tissues of the host.	\N	Term is specific for parasitic plants only.	\N
127	Adventitious root that forms at a shoot node.	\N	\N	\N
128	Total of the vascular tissues in their specific arrangements in the root.	\N	This term was brought back from OBSOLETE node (original reason for OBSOLETE\\: synonym of term stele). Since stele encompasses both, vascular system and the pith, in roots with pith, vascular system and stele are not synonymous.	\N
129	The portion of the lateral root located behind the zone of cell division that includes small, densely cytoplasmic cells that are dividing and expanding in size.	\N	\N	\N
130	A zone of cells that are differentiating into their final form and function located behind the elongation zone of the portion of the primary root.	\N	\N	\N
131	The portion of the lateral root located behind the elongation zone containing cells that are differentiating into their final form and function.	\N	\N	\N
132	A group of cells that covers the apical meristem of the primary root.	\N	\N	\N
133	A group of cells that covers the apical meristem of the lateral root.	\N	\N	\N
134	The central part of a root cap of a lateral root in which the cells are arranged in longitudinal files.	\N	\N	\N
135	In the lateral root, the part of the root cap that is parallel to the sides of the axis.	\N	\N	\N
136	The central part of a root cap of the primary root in which the cells are arranged in longitudinal files.	\N	\N	\N
137	In the primary root, the part of the root cap that is parallel to the sides of the axis.	\N	\N	\N
138	Enlargement or swelling on the roots of plants, particularly in the Fabaceae, inhabited by nitrogen-fixing bacteria.	\N	\N	\N
139	A slender, prostrate or trailing above-ground stem which produces roots and sometimes erect shoots at its nodes.	\N	\N	\N
140	The uppermost cell formed after the first division of the zygote.	\N	\N	\N
141	An enlarged more or less thin-walled epidermal cell present, with other similar cells, in longitudinal rows in leaves of monocots.	\N	Also called motor cell because of its presumed participation in the mechanism of rolling and unrolling of leaves.	\N
142	OBSOLETE. An axial parenchyma or a ray cell physiologically associated with a tracheary element. Also a cell next to a stoma.	\N	Not used in current plant literature.	\N
143	Tissue centrifugally derived from cork cambium, nonliving at maturity, and having suberized walls.	\N	Protective in function because the walls are highly impervious to water.	\N
144	OBSOLETE. A compact layer of cells, often secretory in function, covering a free surface or lining a cavity.	\N	Functional term	\N
145	OBSOLETE. A specialized cells or ducts resembling vessels; they form branched networks of latex-secreting cells in the phloem and other parts of plants.	\N	Obsoleted\\: Too general definition of the term. Replaced by two terms\\: non-articulated laticifer cell and articulated laticifer cell.	\N
146	A Cell that constitutes leaf mesophyll.	\N	\N	\N
147	OBSOLETE.  A cell within the phellem (cork) but distinct from the cork cell in having no suberin in its walls.	\N	Not used in current plant literature. Confusing definition.	\N
148	OBSOLETE. A chloroplast-containing cell engaged in photosynthesis.	\N	Functional characterization is not part of the criteria.	\N
149	Cells with deposits of silica in them.	\N	One of two types of short cells in the epidermis of grasses.	\N
150	A cell synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall.	\N	\N	\N
151	Cell in a meristem that by division gives rise to two cells one of which remains in the meristem, the other is added to the plant body.	\N	\N	\N
152	OBSOLETE. Cell that produces secreted substances.	\N	This is a functional term.	\N
153	Cell that constitutes dermal tissue.	\N	\N	\N
154	Underground shoot	\N	\N	\N
155	Swollen storage shoot with determinate growth.	\N	\N	\N
156	Shoot that is initiated from a root.	\N	\N	\N
157	Shoot that is initiated from a shoot.	\N	\N	\N
158	Shoot developing from a trunk.	\N	\N	\N
159	A swollen rhizome or a part of the rhizome with determinate growth.	\N	This has nothing to do with the underground swollen storage organ of Ipomoea which is swollen.	\N
160	An axillary shoot with a swollen stem.n	\N	\N	\N
161	A  trichome that secretes or sequesters a substance.	\N	\N	\N
162	Trichome that does not have secretory function.	\N	\N	\N
163	Trichome that develops from seed coat epidermis and is often long with putative dispersal function.	\N	\N	\N
164	The inner layers of secondary xylem that have largely ceased to function in storage and conduction and in which reserve materials have been removed or converted into heartwood substances; generally darker colored than the functioning sapwood.	\N	\N	\N
165	Outer part of the wood of stem or root containing living cells and reserves and in which conduction of water takes place. Generally lighter colored than the heartwood	\N	\N	\N
166	A growth layer of secondary xylem or secondary phloem as seen in transection of stem or root; may be an annual ring or a false annual ring.	\N	\N	\N
167	The wood formed in first part of a growth ring and characterized by a lower density and larger cells than the late wood.	\N	\N	\N
168	The secondary xylem formed in the later part of a growth ring; denser and composed of smaller cells than the early wood.	\N	\N	\N
169	Boundary between two growth rings.	\N	\N	\N
170	All tissues outside the vascular cambium or the xylem; in older trees may be divided into dead outer bark and living inner bark, which consists of secondary phloem.	\N	\N	\N
171	A fiber in phloem.	\N	\N	\N
172	A xylem fiber commonly with thick walls and simple pits.	\N	\N	\N
173	A fiber with thin transverse walls (septa), which are formed after the cell develops a secondary wall thickening.	\N	\N	\N
174	Cambium at the outer margin of the xylem cylinder.	\N	\N	\N
175	Cambium occurring within xylem.	\N	\N	\N
176	Phloem produced by included vascular cambium.	\N	\N	\N
177	Parenchyma cell occurring within secondary xylem.	\N	\N	\N
178	Parenchyma cell in the axial system of secondary xylem.	\N	\N	\N
179	Parenchyma cell of a ray in secondary xylem.	\N	\N	\N
180	Ray cell in secondary xylem oriented axially (vertically in the axis) with its longest dimension.	\N	\N	\N
181	Ray cell within secondary xylem having its longest axis in radial direction.	\N	\N	\N
182	Empty upright ray cell of approximately the same height as the procumbent ray cell and occurring in indeterminate horizontal series usually  interspersed among the procumbent cells.	\N	\N	\N
183	Cell on the margin of, and tending to form a sheath around, the procumbent cells of a multi-seriate ray as seen in tangential section.	\N	\N	\N
184	Parenchymatous tissue occurring in the wood.	\N	\N	\N
185	Parenchyma tissue in the axial system of secondary xylem.	\N	\N	\N
186	Radially oriented parenchyma tissue in secondary xylem.	\N	\N	\N
187	A more or less localized region within a fruit to which seeds are attached.	\N	\N	\N
188	Basal part of the ultimate branch of the infructescence.	\N	\N	\N
189	Embryo derived directly from nucelus cells without involving embryo sac cells.	\N	\N	\N
190	Nodule characterized by a persistent meristem, presence of vascular transfer cells, and cell division in the inner cortex with non-dividing infected cells and bacteria.	\N	Nodule is persistent and may continue to grow after a physiological stress.	\N
191	Nodule characterized by a dividing infected cells and bacteria, vascular transfer cells absent and cell division is in the outer cortex.	\N	Nodules are not persistent.	\N
192	Central axis of the fruit.	\N	\N	\N
193	A branch that forms from a leaf at the very base of the shoot.	\N	\N	\N
194	An axillary branch that forms from a leaf above the very base of the shoot.	\N	The genetic distinction between cauline axillary branches and tillers may or may not be unique to the Poaceae. There are no data for other plant families.	\N
195	The region of the shoot where the spikelet, flower, floret, branch, bud and/or leaves are attached.	\N	\N	\N
196	The region of the shoot present between the two shoot nodes.	\N	\N	\N
197	A structure consisting of long multinucleate tubes in which latex is found, having cross walls (articulated).	\N	\N	\N
198	A structure consisting of long multinucleate tubes in which latex is found, having no cross walls.	\N	\N	\N
199	A meristem derived directly from the shoot apical meristem and responsible for the primary increase in thickness of the shoot axis.	\N	May appear as a distinct mantle like zone. Often found in monocotyledons	\N
200	Non-vascular tissue in the center of root.	\N	\N	\N
201	Non-vascular tissue in the center of stem.	\N	\N	\N
202	The phloem tissue formed by the activity of the vascular cambium.	\N	Part of the bark.	\N
203	Secondary protective tissue that replaces the epidermis in stems and root, rarely in other organs.	\N	\N	\N
204	Secondary protective tissue that replaces the epidermis in root.	\N	\N	\N
205	Secondary protective tissue that replaces the epidermis in stem.	\N	\N	\N
206	A tissue often resembling cortical parenchyma produced centripetally by the cork cambium.	\N	\N	\N
207	A layer or layers of cells beneath the epidermis that is distinct in appearance from adjacent tissues. It is the outermost layer or layers of cells of the cortex.	\N	\N	\N
208	A tissue formed as a result of wounding, or a tissue developing in a tissue culture.	\N	\N	\N
209	A secretory structure that produces latex.	\N	\N	\N
210	A layer or layers of cells beneath the stem epidermis distinct in appearance from adjacent tissues.	\N	\N	\N
211	The innermost layer of cortex in the stem of seed plants.	\N	\N	\N
212	The innermost layer of the cortex in roots of  seed plants.	\N	\N	\N
213	The layer of tissue forming a sheath around the vascular region in a leaf.	\N	Often found in the leaf of Gymnosperms and elsewhere.	\N
214	OBSOLETE. Aerenchyma, originating by a combination of two processes, separation and degradation of cell walls.	\N	The term was made obsolete because schizo-lysigenous form is an attribute of regular aerenchyma.	\N
215	vascular tissue whose principal function is the upward translocation of water and solutes.	\N	See also primary xylem and secondary xylem.	\N
216	The outermost endosperm tissue of the seeds, its cells being characterized by presence of protein bodies containing seed storage proteins.	\N	\N	\N
217	Relatively unspecialized ground tissue present in the seed endosperm, often devoid of intercellular spaces.	\N	\N	\N
218	Vascular tissue whose principal function is conducting organic substances.	\N	\N	\N
219	Relatively unspecialized tissue composed of polyhedral cells typically with thin, non-lignified cellulose cell walls and nucleate living protoplasts.	\N	\N	\N
220	Living tissue composed of more or less elongated cells with thick nonlignified primary cell walls.	\N	\N	\N
221	Chloroplast-containing parenchyma tissue.	\N	\N	\N
222	A supporting tissue composed of fibers or sclereids.	\N	\N	\N
223	A lateral meristem, the cells of which divide mostly periclinally.	\N	\N	\N
224	A lateral meristem, the cells of which give rise to secondary xylem and phloem, leading to an increase in girth.	\N	\N	\N
225	Lateral meristem which produces the phellem (cork) and the phelloderm.	\N	\N	\N
226	OBSOLETE. A form of collenchyma in which the primary wall thickening is most prominent in the angles where three or more cells are joined.	\N	The term was made obsolete because angular form is a common attribute of ordinary collenchyma.	\N
227	OBSOLETE. A collenchyma characterized by intercellular spaces and cell wall thickenings facing the intercellular spaces.	\N	The term was made obsolete because the lacunar form is an attribute of regular collenchyma.	\N
228	OBSOLETE. A collenchyma in which cell wall thickenings are deposited mainly on tangential walls.	\N	The term was made obsolete because lamellar form is an attribute of regular collenchyma.	\N
229	The chloroplast-containing, photosynthetic parenchymatous tissue situated between the two epidermal layers of the foliage leaf.	\N	\N	\N
230	Leaf mesophyll parenchyma characterized by little elongated cells, that are not closely packed and have conspicuous intercellular spaces.	\N	\N	\N
231	parenchyma containing closely packed elongated chlorenchymatous cells oriented perpendicular to the leaf surface and which are active in photosynthesis.	\N	\N	\N
232	Tissues that form specialized structures producing a secretion.	\N	The synonym gland does not imply non-secretory 'glands'.	\N
233	A structural modification of vascular and non-vascular tissues, usually in a leaf, that permits the release of water through a pore in the epidermis.	\N	\N	\N
234	A specialized tissue where excess salt absorbed in water from the soil is concentrated, being stores or excreted.	\N	A crust of salt forms on leaves which tastes bad and the white surfaces act to reflect light. Example, as is Mangrove vegetation	\N
235	A duct of schizogenous origin lined with resin-secreting cells and containing resin	\N	\N	\N
236	A gland or a cavity lined with cells that secrete oils.	\N	Oil glands are schizogenous.	\N
237	An outermost cell layer of primary tissues of the plant, sometimes comprised of more than one layer.	\N	\N	\N
238	Parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces of schizogenous or lysigenous origin.	\N	As applied to an intercellular space, originating by one or a combination of two processes, separation and degradation of cell walls.	\N
239	OBSOLETE. Aerenchyma originating by rupture of cells.	\N	The term was made obsolete because rhexigenous form is an attribute of regular aerenchyma.	\N
240	OBSOLETE. Aerenchyma originating by dissolution of cells.	\N	The term was made obsolete because lysigenous form is an attribute of regular aerenchyma.	\N
241	Tissue between the vascular system and the epidermis in stem and root.	\N	\N	\N
242	OBSOLETE. Meristematic tissue consisting of apical initials, together with cells derived from them and which are still close to the initial.	\N	\N	\N
243	The sub-epidermal layer or layers of cells of the root similar in structure and cytochemical characteristics of  the endodermis, the outermost layer or layers of cells of the cortex.	\N	The cell walls are thickened and contain suberin. Absent in pteridophytes, fibrous in Phoenix and accompanied by sclerenchyma in Ananas.	\N
244	The xylem tissue formed by the activity of the vascular cambium.	\N	It is absent in small dicot annuals and most monocots; the \\"wood\\" of broad leaf angiosperm tress.	\N
245	The xylem of the primary plant body.	\N	In stem or root it is differentiated behind the apical meristem.	\N
246	A collective term for all the different types of leaves appearing on plants.	\N	\N	\N
247	The proximal/basal of the two glumes.	\N	\N	\N
248	A reduced and more or less non-photosynthetic leaf, often associated with a vegetatively propagating organ such as a rhizome or perennating bud.	\N	Sometimes referring specifically to such leaves on a seedling.	\N
249	The apical/distal of the two glumes.	\N	\N	\N
250	Unbranched second order vein of the grass leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
251	A thin band of intercalary meristematic tissue at the junction of the leaf blade (lamina) and the leaf sheath found in grasses.	\N	\N	\N
252	Epidermal layer of a foliage leaf.	\N	\N	\N
253	Endosperm in which the first karyokinetic event is accompanied by the formation of a horizontal wall which divides the central cell into unequal regions. The larger one is the micropylar chamber in which cytokinesis does not occur and the smaller one is the chalazal chamber.	\N	\N	\N
254	The epidermal layer of adaxial/upper surface of the leaf.	\N	\N	\N
255	The epidermal layer of the abaxial/lower surface of the leaf.	\N	\N	\N
256	Meristem found in the apex of the lateral root.	\N	This is different from root lateral meristem.	\N
257	Apical meristem of the adventitious root.	\N	\N	\N
258	A strip of ground tissue present along the leaf veins and extending from the bundle sheath to the epidermis. It may be present on one or both sides of the vein and may consist of parenchyma or sclerenchyma.	\N	\N	\N
259	A layer or layers of cells surrounding the vascular bundles of leaves. It may consist of parenchyma or sclerenchyma.	\N	\N	\N
260	A single layered, parenchymatous bundle sheath characterized by presence of large quantity of starch.	\N	Homologous to the endodermis.	\N
261	The inner endodermal sheath of a two layered bundle sheath. The cells are smaller in diameter compared to those in outer wall (starch sheath). The cell  walls are thick and contain suberized lamellae. They are analogous to endodermis.	\N	\N	\N
262	A long bristle-like appendage found on the tip or back of various parts of the grass spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
263	A short, abrupt, flexible point present at the apex of the palea	\N	\N	\N
264	The margin or edges of the leaflet.	\N	\N	\N
265	Outer layer of the shoot organs.	\N	Often interrupted by stomata and other structures. The shoot epidermis is different from the root epidermis in its origin, function and structure.	\N
266	The outermost primary cell layer of the root.	\N	The root epidermis is different from the shoot epidermis in its origin, function and structure.	\N
267	The outer most cell layer of the adventitious root.	\N	\N	\N
268	The outermost cell layer of the sepal.	\N	\N	\N
269	The epidermal layer of the petal.	\N	\N	\N
270	A multiseriate epidermis found in aerial roots of some monocots. Most of its cells are dead and store water like a sponge.	\N	\N	\N
271	The epidermis of an integument in an ovule.	\N	\N	\N
272	The epidermis of the inner integument in an ovule.	\N	\N	\N
273	The epidermis of the outer integument in an ovule.	\N	\N	\N
274	The epidermal layer of the seed coat.	\N	\N	\N
275	The epidermal layer of the scutellum.	\N	\N	\N
276	That part of the seed coat that develops from the outer surface of the outer integument.	\N	\N	\N
277	That part of the seed coat that develops from the inner epidermis of the outer integument.	\N	\N	\N
278	The abaxial/lower epidermal cell layer of the petal.	\N	\N	\N
279	The adaxial/upper epidermal cell layer of the petal.	\N	\N	\N
280	The abaxial/lower epidermal cell layer of the sepal.	\N	\N	\N
281	The adaxial/upper epidermal cell layer of the sepal.	\N	\N	\N
282	The epidermal cell layer of the cotyledon.	\N	\N	\N
283	The abaxial/lower epidermal cell layer of the cotyledon.	\N	\N	\N
284	The adaxial/upper epidermal cell layer of the cotyledon.	\N	\N	\N
285	The epidermal cell layer of the stamen filament.	\N	\N	\N
286	The epidermal cell layer of the stigma.	\N	\N	\N
287	The epidermal cell layer of the style.	\N	\N	\N
288	The epidermal cell layer of the ovary.	\N	\N	\N
289	It is the innermost layer of the cortex of hypocotyl.	\N	\N	\N
290	Relatively unspecialized tissue present in the leaf petiole.	\N	\N	\N
291	OBSOLETE. A cup-shaped region in the shoot apical meristem found between the central mother cell and the rib and peripheral zone. The cells of this zone are derived from the corpus intials, but in some cases they arise also from tunica initials.	\N	If found, this zone is a temporary feature mostly in Gymnosperms.	\N
292	Relatively unspecialized tissue present in the sepals.	\N	\N	\N
293	Relatively unspecialized tissue present in the petals.	\N	\N	\N
294	The chloroplast-containing, photosynthetic parenchymatous tissue situated between the two epidermal layers of the leaf or leaf like organs.	\N	\N	\N
295	The chloroplast-containing, photosynthetic parenchymatous tissue situated between the two epidermal layers of the petal.	\N	\N	\N
296	The chloroplast-containing, photosynthetic parenchymatous tissue situated between the two epidermal layers of the sepal.	\N	\N	\N
297	Meristematic tissue separated from the apical meristem in the primary body by more or less mature tissues.	\N	\N	\N
298	A primary cambium which undergoes differentiation to form the primary vascular tissue.	\N	\N	\N
299	The phloem of the primary plant body.	\N	In stem or root it is differentiated behind the apical meristem.	\N
300	Part of the primary phloem that differentiates after the protophloem and before the secondary phloem, if any of the latter is formed.	\N	\N	\N
301	The first-formed elements of the primary phloem.	\N	\N	\N
302	OBSOLETE. The vascular tissue of the primary plant body at the embryonic stage.	\N	Redundant to sec ...	\N
303	Meristem found in a shoot.	\N	\N	\N
304	OBSOLETE. The vascular tissue derived from the vascular cambium because of the secondary growth.	\N	Redundant sec phloem and xylem	\N
305	Meristem found in the apex of the primary root.	\N	\N	\N
306	The outermost layer of the shoot apical meristem which gives rise to the abaxial/lower leaf epidermis.	\N	\N	\N
307	The outermost layer of the shoot apical meristem which gives rise to the adaxial/upper leaf epidermis.	\N	\N	\N
308	Tissue consisting of tracheids and parenchyma cells, associated with the vascular bundle.	\N	Found generally in gymnosperm leaves.	\N
309	Meristem found in a root.	\N	\N	\N
310	OBSOLETE. The accessory tissue extending laterally into the mesophyll rather than remaining associated with the vascular bundles.	\N	Not in current literature.	\N
311	OBSOLETE. Tissue that develops from phloem parenchyma in the outer portion of the inner bark accommodating the expansion in circumference.	\N	check the definition.	\N
312	Non-vascular tissue in the center of stem or root	\N	\N	\N
313	Vascular cambium  originating from procambium within vascular bundles or fascicles.	\N	\N	\N
314	Vascular cambium arising between vascular bundles or fascicles, in the interfascicular parenchyma or pith.	\N	\N	\N
315	Region located between vascular bundles in the stem.	\N	Check for the relationship. Inapplicable for nearly all monocots.	\N
316	Part of the tissue of the stele located between the phloem and endodermis.	\N	\N	\N
317	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) spores.	\N	\N	\N
318	Irregularly-shaped, chlorenchymatous cell, separated by large air spaces.	\N	Usually found in the abaxial/lower part of the leaf mesophyll as in a dorsiventral leaf, but between two palisade parenchyma layers in an isobilateral leaf.	\N
319	Elongated chlorenchymatous cell oriented perpendicular to the leaf surface and which is active in photosynthesis.	\N	Usually found in the adaxil/upper part of the leaf mesophyll.	\N
320	A short cell in the dimorphic type of exodermis with cell wall that remains non-thickened.	\N	\N	\N
321	Cell in the endodermal layer of the root with cell wall that remains non-thickened.	\N	\N	\N
322	OBSOLETE. The outer most cell layer of the lateral roots.	\N	\N	\N
323	The undifferentiated surface cell layer of the primary plant body, which gives rise to epidermis.	\N	It may or may not arise from independent initials.  Some researchers also call it an epidermis in meristematic state.	\N
324	Cells that develop an abnormal wall chemistry and swelling resulting in easily being pulled apart along the pectin-rich middle lamella; directly involved in the weakening process of abscission.	\N	\N	\N
325	The layer of cells in the abscission zone that have lignin and suberin depositions and are found on the axial side of the break or exposed surface of abscission.	\N	\N	\N
326	Parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces in the tissue of roots.	\N	\N	\N
327	Parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces.	\N	\N	\N
328	Spongy parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces in the leaf mesophyll.	\N	\N	\N
329	Primary phloem tissue positioned internal to the primary xylem	\N	\N	\N
330	That part of the seed coat that develops from the outer surface of the inner integument.	\N	\N	\N
331	That part of the seed coat that develops from the inner epidermis of the inner integument.	\N	\N	\N
332	The central region of the endosperm composed of cells that are significantly larger than those at the periphery, especially the aleurone and sub-aleurone layers.	\N	Also called starchy endosperm region (characteristic of some grasses).	\N
333	Latex-containing cells in which the walls between contiguous cells may partly or completely disappear.	\N	\N	\N
334	Latex-containing cell that elongates indefinitely and grows intrusively between the walls of meristematic cells.	\N	\N	\N
335	OBSOLETE. The instances of this parent term are those anatomical terms which have become obsolete.	\N	\N	\N
336	OBSOLETE. Group of cells located beneath anticlinally dividing peripheral layers (tunica) and dividing in many planes. In apical shoot meristem. Such division cause the increase in the volume of shoot.	\N	The term has been made obsolete because this concept is used in a very loose sense.	\N
337	OBSOLETE. The outermost layer or layers in the shoot apical meristem of the Angiosperms in which the plane of division is almost anticlinal. This layer contributes to surface growth.	\N	The term has been made obsolete because this concept is used in a very loose sense.	\N
338	OBSOLETE. The outer layer of the tunica.	\N	A similar term L1 meristem (PO\\:0009020) occurs.	\N
339	OBSOLETE. The second layer of the tunica.	\N	A similar term L2 meristem (PO\\:0009021) occurs.	\N
340	OBSOLETE. The innermost layer of the tunica.	\N	A similar term L3 meristem (PO\\:0009022) occurs.	\N
341	A derivative of the apical meristem which undergoes differentiation to form the primary vascular tissue of a shoot.	\N	\N	\N
342	A derivative of the apical meristem which undergoes differentiation to form the primary vascular tissue of a root.	\N	\N	\N
343	Meristem of the root located parallel to the sides of the axis.	\N	Generally causes root thickening. Not to be confused with lateral root meristem, which is the meristem of the lateral root.	\N
344	Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel.	\N	\N	\N
345	Flowers of the spikelets of maize tassel.	\N	\N	\N
346	Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel without a pedicel, developing from the spikelet pair meristem.	\N	\N	\N
347	Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel with a pedicel, developing from the spikelet pair meristem.	\N	\N	\N
348	The lower of the two florets of the pedicellate spikelet of a maize tassel.	\N	\N	\N
349	One of the two florets placed above the lower floret on the pedicellate spikelet rachilla of a maize tassel	\N	\N	\N
350	The lower of the two florets of the sessile spikelet of a maize tassel.	\N	\N	\N
351	One of the two florets placed above the lower floret on the sessile spikelet rachilla of a maize tassel.	\N	\N	\N
352	Collectively the carpels of a maize tassel floret.	\N	The development of the gynoecium in the tassel floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state.	\N
353	Small flowers of the spikelets of Poaceae.	\N	It is not clear what the lemma, palea and lodicule correspond to in conventional flowers, therefore we are not making any assumptions of homology at the present time.	\N
354	Inflorescence branch that terminates in a spikelet.	\N	This is not a pedicel in the strict sense, but is the ultimate naked part of the inflorescence axis.	\N
355	Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize ear.	\N	\N	\N
356	Any branch forming from the primary or first order inflorescence branch.	\N	\N	\N
357	Any branch forming from the second order inflorescence branch.	\N	\N	\N
358	Any branch forming from the primary or higher order tassel axes.	\N	\N	\N
359	The inflorescence axis of the tassel.	\N	\N	\N
360	The region of the inflorescence axis where the spikelet, flower, floret or the branch is attached.	\N	\N	\N
361	The region of rachis present between the two nodes.	\N	\N	\N
362	Apical meristem that gives rise to the two or more florets of a grass inflorescence.	\N	\N	\N
363	The meristem that produces two spikelet meristems, each of which produces two floral meristems.	\N	Found in some grass inflorescences.	\N
364	Meristem that gives rise to the organs of a floret of a grass plant.	\N	\N	\N
365	The stalk at the base of the ovary.	\N	Typically receptacular in origin.	\N
366	The ridge along the body of the seed formed from the part of funiculus that was adnate to the ovule.	\N	\N	\N
367	Remnants of the funicle from ovary where it attaches the ovule to the placenta.	\N	\N	\N
368	Remnant of the ovular chalaza which is a region in the ovule where the integuments and the nucellus merge with the funiculus.	\N	\N	\N
369	A pore on the seed coat which is a remnant of the ovular micropyle.	\N	\N	\N
370	An outgrowth of the seed funicle, that forms a bridge between the seed micropyle and other tissues. It is also a remnant form of the obturator found in the ovular funicle.	\N	\N	\N
371	The leaf subtending an ear of corn and acting as outer envelope of the ear.	\N	\N	\N
372	The first few leaves developing from the embryonic shoot apical meristem.	\N	\N	\N
373	Distinct from adult leaves, being characterized by particular anatomical traits namely, wax and trichome distribution, presence or absence of epidermal cell types, cell wall shape and biochemistry.	\N	The first juvenile leaves are e.g. the embryonic leaves found in the grass kernel (caryopsis).	\N
374	Adult leaves are characterized by particular anatomical traits namely, wax and trichome distribution, presence or absence of epidermal cell types, cell wall shape and biochemistry.	\N	The adult leaves are placed above the juvenile (oldest) leaves. However in some plants the juvenile leaves may go on to establish as adult leaves.	\N
375	The shoot developing from the embryonic shoot apical meristem.	\N	\N	\N
376	The grouping or arrangement in which fruits are borne on a plant.	\N	\N	\N
377	The shoot developing from the axillary bud meristem.	\N	\N	\N
378	Meristem of the shoot located parallel to the sides of the axis.	\N	\N	\N
379	A tubular cell extension formed by the germinating pollen grain; carries the male gametes into the ovule.	\N	\N	\N
380	The meristematic tissue in the primary body of the leaf separated from the apical meristem by non-meristematic tissues.	\N	\N	\N
381	Meristematic tissue in the primary body of stem separated from the apical meristem by more or less mature tissues.	\N	\N	\N
382	Ultimate pedicellate inflorescence branch of the maize ear that develops from the spikelet pair meristem.	\N	\N	\N
383	Ultimate sessile inflorescence branch of the maize ear that develops from the spikelet pair meristem.	\N	\N	\N
384	The uppermost of the two florets of the pedicellate spikelet rachilla of a maize ear. The upper floret on the ear usually develops into a functional one.	\N	\N	\N
385	The lower of the two florets on the sessile spikelet of a maize ear.	\N	This floret does not usually develop into a functional one.	\N
386	One of the two florets placed above the lower floret on the sessile spikelet rachilla of a maize ear. This floret usually develops into a functional one.	\N	\N	\N
387	The lower of the two florets of the pedicellate spikelet rachilla of a maize ear.	\N	The lower floret on the ear does not usually develop into a functional one.	\N
388	Small flowers of the spikelets of maize ear.	\N	\N	\N
389	Collectively the stamens of maize ear floret.	\N	The development of the androecium in the ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state.	\N
390	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel floret.	\N	\N	\N
391	Collectively the carpels of a maize floret.	\N	\N	\N
392	The meristem that produces two spikelet meristems, each of which produces two floral meristems in a maize tassel.	\N	\N	\N
393	In a maize tassel floret, the upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower.	\N	\N	\N
394	Apical meristem that produces two spikelet meristems, each of which produces two floral meristems in a maize ear.	\N	\N	\N
395	In a maize ear floret, the upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower.	\N	\N	\N
396	Meristem at the apex of the embryonic axis.	\N	\N	\N
397	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear floret.	\N	\N	\N
398	Collectively the carpels of a maize ear floret.	\N	\N	\N
399	Collectively the stamens of one floret of a tassel inflorescence of maize.	\N	\N	\N
400	A bract in the ear inflorescence of a maize plant, subtending two florets.	\N	\N	\N
401	A bract in the tassel inflorescence of a maize plant, subtending two florets.	\N	\N	\N
402	The proximal/basal of the two glumes in the ear spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
403	The apical/distal of the two glumes in the tassel spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
404	TThe apical/distal of the two glumes in the ear spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
405	The proximal/basal of the two glumes in the tassel spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
406	Apical shoot meristem that gives rise to the organs of a maize ear floret.	\N	\N	\N
407	Apical meristem that gives rise to the organs of a maize tassel floret.	\N	\N	\N
408	Apical shoot meristem that gives rise to the maize ear.	\N	\N	\N
409	Apical meristem that gives rise to the tassel inflorescence.	\N	\N	\N
410	Apical meristem that gives rise to the upper and lower florets of the maize tassel spikelets.	\N	\N	\N
411	Apical meristem that gives rise to the upper and lower florets of the maize ear spikelets.	\N	\N	\N
412	The axis of the tassel spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
413	The axis of the ear spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
414	In a tassel floret, one of two or three tiny scales or flaps of tissue outside the stamens, possibly representing reduced perianth segments.	\N	\N	\N
415	In a Maize ear floret, one of two or three tiny scales or flaps of tissue outside the stamens, possibly representing reduced perianth segments.	\N	\N	\N
416	Collectively the stamens of one grass floret.	\N	\N	\N
417	Collectively the carpels of a grass floret.	\N	\N	\N
418	The proximal/basal of the two glumes in the tassel pedicellate spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
419	The proximal/basal of the two glumes in the tassel sessile spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
420	The apical/distal of the two glumes in a tassel sessile spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
421	The apical/distal of the two glumes in a tassel pedicellate spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
422	The axis of the tassel sessile spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
423	The axis of the tassel pedicellate spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
424	Collectively the carpels of a lower floret of sessile spikelet of maize tassel.	\N	A non-functional or rudimentary gynoecium.	\N
425	Collectively the stamens of upper floret of a sessile spikelet of tassel inflorescence of maize.	\N	\N	\N
426	Collectively the stamens of lower floret of a sessile spikelet of tassel inflorescence of maize.	\N	\N	\N
427	Collectively the carpels of a upper floret of sessile spikelet of maize tassel.	\N	A non-functional or rudimentary gynoecium.	\N
428	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel sessile spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
429	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel sessile spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
430	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel sessile spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
431	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel sessile spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
432	Collectively the carpels of a lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of maize tassel.	\N	A non-functional or rudimentary gynoecium.	\N
433	Collectively the carpels of a upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of maize tassel.	\N	A non-functional or rudimentary gynoecium.	\N
434	Collectively the stamens of upper floret of a pedicellate spikelet of tassel inflorescence of maize.	\N	This consitutes a functional androecium.	\N
435	Collectively the stamens of lower floret of a pedicellate spikelet of tassel inflorescence of maize.	\N	This consitutes a functional androecium.	\N
436	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel pedicellate spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
437	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel pedicellate spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
438	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel pedicellate spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
439	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize tassel pedicellate spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
440	This is the ultimate branch of the pedicellate ear spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
441	This is the ultimate branch of the pedicellate tassel spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
442	The axis of a maize tassel below the lowest tassel node.	\N	\N	\N
443	The stalk of a maize ear below the lowest ear node.	\N	\N	\N
444	Collectively the stamens of lower floret of a pedicellate spikelet of maize ear inflorescence.	\N	The development of the androecium in the ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state.	\N
445	Collectively the stamens of lower floret of a sessile spikelet of maize ear inflorescence.	\N	The development of the androecium in the ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state.	\N
446	Collectively the stamens of upper floret of a sessile spikelet of maize ear inflorescence.	\N	The development of the androecium in the ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state.	\N
447	Collectively the stamens of upper floret of a pedicellate spikelet of maize ear inflorescence.	\N	The development of the androecium in the ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state.	\N
448	Collectively the carpels of a lower floret of sessile spikelet of maize ear.	\N	A non-functional or rudimentary gynoecium.	\N
449	Collectively the carpels of a lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of a maize ear.	\N	A non-functional or rudimentary gynoecium.	\N
450	Collectively the carpels of a upper floret of sessile spikelet of maize ear.	\N	A functional gynoecium.	\N
451	Collectively the carpels of a upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of maize ear.	\N	A functional gynoecium.	\N
452	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear sessile spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
453	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear sessile spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
454	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear pedicellate spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
455	The upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear pedicellate spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
456	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear pedicellate spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
457	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear pedicellate spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
458	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear sessile spikelet lower floret.	\N	\N	\N
459	The lower of the two bracts enclosing a flower in a maize ear sessile spikelet upper floret.	\N	\N	\N
460	The axis of the ear pedicellate spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
461	The axis of the ear sessile spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
462	The proximal/basal of the two glumes in the ear pedicellate spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
463	The proximal/basal of the two glumes in the ear sessile spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
464	The apical/distal of the two glumes in the pedicellate spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
465	The apical/distal of the two glumes in the sessile spikelet.	\N	\N	\N
466	A microsporophyll, bearing four microsporangia in a grass floret.	\N	\N	\N
467	The pollen-bearing part of a stamen of a grass floret.	\N	\N	\N
468	The part of the stamen of a grass floret, that connects the microsporangia/pollen sacs.	\N	\N	\N
469	Sporangium in the anther of a grass stamen producing microspores, usually many in number.	\N	\N	\N
470	A multicellular layer with outer epidermis and an inner endothecium of an anther of a grass stamen.	\N	\N	\N
471	The hypodermis of an anther sac of a grass stamen with distinctively thickened walls and involved in its dehiscence.	\N	\N	\N
472	The epidermis of an anther sac of a grass stamen.	\N	\N	\N
473	An inpushing of the anther wall of a grass stamen.	\N	\N	\N
474	A fissure in the anther lobe through which the pollen is released in grasses.	\N	\N	\N
475	Innermost part of the anther wall, involved in the nutrition of the pollen in grasses.	\N	\N	\N
476	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) microspores in a grass plant.	\N	\N	\N
477	The smaller, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced in the life cycle of a grass plant. It gives rise to the male gametophyte.	\N	\N	\N
478	A part of the anther of a grass stamen consisting of paired sporangia that dehisce down a common slit.	\N	\N	\N
479	The stalk of the stamen of a grass floret.	\N	\N	\N
480	A megasporophyll at the center of a grass floret enclosing the ovule.	\N	\N	\N
481	The basal portion of a carpel that encloses the ovule(s) in a grass floret.	\N	\N	\N
482	A stalked or sessile structure in a grass carpel within which one or more megaspores are formed and later the female gametophyte or embryo sac develops.	\N	\N	\N
483	Region in the grass ovule where the integuments and the nucellus merge with the funiculus.	\N	\N	\N
484	One of the two layers of tissue that usually covers the ovule of a grass, contiguous to the inner integument and usually involved in forming the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
485	The innermost of the two layers of tissue that cover the ovule of a grass, contiguous to the nucellus and usually involved in forming the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
486	A small canal through the inner integument(s) at the apex of a grass ovule.	\N	\N	\N
487	Subepidermal tissue in the ovule of a grass plant surrounding the megasporocyte.	\N	\N	\N
488	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores in a grass plant.	\N	\N	\N
489	The larger, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced after meiosis in the life cycle of a grass plant, and on germination giving rise to the female gametophyte (embryo sac).	\N	\N	\N
490	One of the layers of tissue that covers the ovule of a grass carpel, enveloping the nucellus and forming the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
491	The stalk which attaches the ovule to the placenta in a grass carpel.	\N	\N	\N
492	The region within an ovary to which ovules are attached in a grass carpel.	\N	\N	\N
493	The apical part of a carpel of a grass floret on which the pollen germinates.	\N	\N	\N
494	An elongated part of a carpel between the ovary and the stigma of a grass floret, through which the pollen tube grows.	\N	\N	\N
495	A megasporophyll at the center of a maize floret enclosing the ovule.	\N	\N	\N
496	Collectively the stamens of one floret of a maize plant.	\N	\N	\N
497	A microsporophyll bearing four microsporangia in a maize floret.	\N	\N	\N
498	The pollen-bearing part of a stamen of a maize floret.	\N	\N	\N
499	The stalk of the stamen of a maize floret.	\N	\N	\N
500	The part of the stamen of a maize floret, that connects the microsporangia or pollen sacs	\N	\N	\N
501	Sporangium in the anther of a maize stamen producing microspores, usually many in number .	\N	\N	\N
502	A multicellular layer with outer epidermis and an inner endothecium of an anther of a maize stamen.	\N	\N	\N
503	A part of the anther of a maize stamen consisting of paired sporangia that dehisce down a common slit.	\N	\N	\N
504	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) microspores in a maize plant.	\N	\N	\N
505	The smaller, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced in the life cycle of a maize plant. It gives rise to the male gametophyte.	\N	\N	\N
506	The hypodermis of an anther sac of a maize stamen with distinctively thickened walls and involved in its dehiscence.	\N	\N	\N
507	The epidermis of an anther sac of a maize stamen.	\N	\N	\N
508	An inpushing of the anther wall of a maize stamen.	\N	\N	\N
509	Innermost part of the anther wall, involved in the nutrition of the pollen in maize.	\N	\N	\N
510	A fissure in the anther lobe through which the pollen is released in maize.	\N	\N	\N
511	The basal portion of a carpel that encloses the ovule(s) in a maize floret.	\N	\N	\N
512	The apical part of a carpel of a maize floret on which the pollen germinates.	\N	\N	\N
513	The style of a maize floret.	\N	\N	\N
514	The stalk which attaches the ovule to the placenta in a maize carpel.	\N	\N	\N
515	The region within an ovary to which ovules are attached in a maize carpel.	\N	\N	\N
516	A stalked or sessile structure in a maize carpel within which one or more megaspores are formed and later the female gametophyte or embryo sac develops.	\N	\N	\N
517	Subepidermal tissue in the ovule of a maize plant surrounding the megasporocyte.	\N	\N	\N
518	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores in a maize plant.	\N	\N	\N
519	The larger, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced after meiosis in the life cycle of a maize plant, and on germination giving rise to the female gametophyte (embryo sac).	\N	\N	\N
520	The megaspores in a grass plant that would not participate in megagametogenesis.	\N	\N	\N
521	The megaspore that forms the embryo sac in grasses.	\N	\N	\N
522	The epidermal cell layer of the grass stigma.	\N	\N	\N
523	The epidermal cell layer of the style of a grass carpel.	\N	\N	\N
524	Tissue in the style of a grass carpel, through which the pollen tube grows; it connects the stigma and the inside of ovary.	\N	\N	\N
525	The epidermal cell layer of the ovary of a grass carpel.	\N	\N	\N
526	Zone at base of the leaf that contains an abscission (or separation) layer and a protective layer, both involved in the abscission of the leaf.	\N	\N	\N
527	Zone at base of the flower that contains an abscission (or separation) layer and a protective layer, both involved in the abscission of the flower and its parts.	\N	\N	\N
528	Zone at base of the fruit that contains an abscission (or separation) layer and a protective layer, both involved in the abscission of the fruit.	\N	\N	\N
529	Trichome on/from the epidermis of a leaf.	\N	\N	\N
530	The inflorescence axis of the ear.	\N	\N	\N
531	Region in the maize ovule where the integuments and the nucellus merge with the funiculus.	\N	\N	\N
532	One of the layers of tissue that covers the ovule of a maize carpel, enveloping the nucellus and forming the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
533	The epidermis of an integument in a grass ovule.	\N	\N	\N
534	The seed-bearing structure in angiosperms, formed from the ovary after flowering.	\N	\N	\N
535	Structural and physiological unit of a living organism; it (i.e., plant cell) consists of protoplast and cell wall; in nonliving state, of cell wall only, or cell wall and some nonliving inclusions.	\N	\N	\N
536	A plant or phase of a life cycle that bears spores formed by meiosis.	\N	\N	\N
537	A haploid plant, or phase of a plant's life cycle, that bears gametes after mitotic events.	\N	\N	\N
538	An axial system which is usually underground and more or less positively geotropic, does not bear leaves and only rarely shoots, is endogenous in origin, indeterminate in growth and often with secondary thickening.	\N	Commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the seed plant body.	\N
539	Group of cells organized into a structural and functional unit; the component cells may be alike (simple tissue) or varied (complex tissue).	\N	\N	\N
540	OBSOLETE. A natural part or structure in a plant, capable of performing some special action (termed its function), which is essential to the life or well-being of the whole.	\N	All organs are represented under sporophyte.	\N
541	A young sporophyte contained within a seed.	\N	\N	\N
542	A propagating organ formed in the reproductive cycle of gymnosperms and angiosperms, derived from the ovule and enclosing an embryo.	\N	The seed is representative of a next generation of sporophyte.	\N
543	Any morphological or anatomical feature of a plant.	\N	\N	\N
544	Regions of a plant in which cells that have retained their embryonic characteristics, or have reverted to them secondarily, and that divide to produce new cells that can undergo differentiation to form mature tissues, i.e. they have a capacity for morphogenesis and growth.	\N	\N	\N
545	Tissue derived from the protoderm that covers the surface of the plant body.	\N	\N	\N
546	Conducting tissues made up of xylem and phloem.	\N	In the stem it is often found as a stele, surrounded by the cortex and surrounding the pith.	\N
547	OBSOLETE. Tissues other than the vascular tissues, epidermis and the periderm.	\N	Uninformative definition. Check it again.	\N
548	The outermost layer of the shoot apical meristem which gives rise to the shoot epidermis.	\N	\N	\N
549	The cell layer beneath the L1 layer in the shoot meristem which gives rise to subepidermal tissue.	\N	\N	\N
550	The multicellular layer beneath the L2 layer in the shoot meristem which gives rise to internal tissues of leaf and stem.	\N	\N	\N
551	Commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the seed plant body, a structure usually of determinate growth, without secondary thickening, and of superficial origin, often flattened and photosynthetic in part, and in the axil of which is found a bud.	\N	\N	\N
552	A leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne.	\N	\N	\N
553	A structure upon which (or in the axil of which) one or more megasporangia are borne; in flowering plants, a carpel.	\N	\N	\N
554	A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen.	\N	\N	\N
555	A microsporophyll bearing one or more microsporangia.	\N	\N	\N
556	A megasporophyll, almost always at the center of a flower, its margins more or less fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule(s).n	\N	If carpels are fused, the gynoecium is a syncarpous gynoecium, as in Poaceae, Brassicaceae and Solanaceae.  If carpels are free, the gynoecium is an apocarpous gynoecium, as in Fabaceae.	\N
557	A member of the (usually green) outer whorl of non-fertile parts surrounding the fertile organs of a flower.	\N	\N	\N
558	A member of the corolla, the inner whorl of non-fertile parts surrounding the fertile organs of a flower, usually soft and colored conspicuously.	\N	\N	\N
559	A perianth segment in a flower in which there are two whorls of such segments, but all are similar in appearance.	\N	\N	\N
560	Leaf like structure subtending a flower.	\N	\N	\N
561	A multicellular glandular structure secreting a liquid containing organic substances especially sugars.	\N	\N	\N
562	In a grass floret, one of two or three tiny scales or flaps of tissue outside the stamens, possibly representing reduced perianth segments.	\N	\N	\N
563	In a grass floret, the lower of two bracts enclosing a flower.	\N	\N	\N
564	In a grass floret, the upper of the two bracts enclosing a flower.	\N	Possibly a prophyll/bracteole.	\N
565	A "bract" in the inflorescence of a grass, sedge or similar plant.	\N	\N	\N
566	A bract in the position of a lemma, but not enclosing floral organs	\N	An undeveloped androecium or gynoecium may or may not be detectable.	\N
567	A lemma that encloses a functional flower, with androecium, gynoecium or both.	\N	\N	\N
568	The first leaf or two leaves formed at the base of an axillary shoot, often smaller and/or in a distinctively different position from those formed subsequently.	\N	\N	\N
569	A small leaf or leaves borne singly or in pairs on the pedicel, the prophyll(s) of the flower-shoot (pedicel plus flower).	\N	\N	\N
570	Sac-like bract subtending the pistillate flower, as in Carex.	\N	\N	\N
571	Equals inflorescence bract of an involucre, as in Asteraceae.	\N	\N	\N
572	A heterosporangiate strobilus, typically consisting of androecium, gynoecium, usually surrounded by a perianth and borne on an axis or receptacle.	\N	The characteristic reproductive structure of angiosperms.	\N
573	The axial system of plants that bears leaves and buds.n	\N	It is usually above ground and more or less negatively geotropic, is exogenous in origin, often indeterminate in growth and with secondary thickening.	\N
574	That part of the axial system of plants above the uppermost foliage leaf/pair of foliage leaves that bears flowers.	\N	Some plants have only solitary flowers, e.g. Magnolia.	\N
575	Ultimate and congested inflorescence branch of the grasses.	\N	It consists of one to many closely-packed flowers and associated glumes etc.	\N
576	Basal part of the ultimate branch of the inflorescence.	\N	The bracteoles are borne on the pedicel, which terminates in a flower.	\N
577	The stalk of an inflorescence; that part of the inflorescence below the first flower or inflorescence branch and above the last foliage leaf/pair of foliage leaves.	\N	\N	\N
578	A leaf, modified or not, subtending a branch of the inflorescence or borne on the inflorescence axis below any branches or flowers.	\N	\N	\N
579	A leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence.	\N	Often used to refer to what is called here floral bract.	\N
580	A multicellular glandular structure found in the flower secreting a liquid containing organic substances especially sugars.	\N	\N	\N
581	A multicellular glandular structure found in places other than flower secreting a liquid containing organic substances especially sugar.	\N	\N	\N
582	Non-fertile parts of a flower surrounding the fertile organs, collectively the calyx and corolla of a flower, or only a singe whorl.	\N	\N	\N
583	The petals of a flower collectively.	\N	\N	\N
584	The sepals of one flower collectively.	\N	\N	\N
585	Collectively the stamens of one flower.	\N	\N	\N
586	Collectively the carpels of a flower.	\N	\N	\N
587	A whorl of structures immediately outside the calyx whorl.	\N	\N	\N
588	The region at end of pedicel or axis to which parts of flower are attached.	\N	\N	\N
589	A cup- or tube-like structure bearing perianth and stamens on its rim, so these arise above the base, and often above the top, of the ovary of a flower.	\N	\N	\N
590	The pollen-bearing part of a stamen.	\N	\N	\N
591	The stalk of a stamen.	\N	\N	\N
592	The part of the stamen that connects the microsporangia/pollen sacs.	\N	\N	\N
593	A part of the anther consisting of paired sporangia that dehisce down a common slit.	\N	\N	\N
594	Sporangium producing microspores, usually many in number.	\N	\N	\N
595	Innermost part of the anther wall, involved in the nutrition of the pollen.	\N	\N	\N
596	The basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, that encloses the ovule(s).	\N	\N	\N
597	Part of a carpel or group of fused carpels on which the pollen germinates, usually apical.	\N	\N	\N
598	An elongated part of a carpel or group of fused carpels between the ovary and the stigma, and through which the pollen tube grows.	\N	\N	\N
599	OBSOLETE. A controlled vocabulary to describe the various plant parts and the growth and developmental stages.	\N	\N	\N
600	Sterile stamen.	\N	\N	\N
601	A sterile pistil, often rudimentary.	\N	\N	\N
602	The axis of the spikelet, above the glumes.	\N	\N	\N
603	Any branch forming from the primary or the higher order inflorescence axis.	\N	\N	\N
604	Small flowers, esp. of the spikelets of Poaceae and Cyperaceae.	\N	\N	\N
605	OBSOLETE. Aggregation of gamete producing structures.	\N	\N	\N
606	The wall of a fruit, developed from the ovary or carpel wall.	\N	\N	\N
607	The outer layer of the fruit wall or pericarp.	\N	\N	\N
608	The innermost differentiated layer of the fruit wall or pericarp.	\N	\N	\N
609	Middle layer of the fruit wall or pericarp.	\N	\N	\N
610	Covering of seed derived from ovular - mainly integumentary - tissue.	\N	Used only when not specified more precisely; see testa, tegmen.	\N
611	Nutritive tissue in a seed, in angiosperms usually triploid and formed after fertilization by the fusion of one gamete with the polar nucleus, sometimes diploid or polyploid.	\N	\N	\N
612	A structure associated with and often partly or wholly covering a seed and developed from the funicle or raphe.	\N	Also used more generally to refer to a similar structure derived from any part of the ovule - there has been much and sometimes acrimonious debate over the correct definition of the term, so when used the origin of the aril should generally be given for clarity.	\N
613	OBSOLETE. provisional term	\N	\N	\N
614	Axial part of the young sporophyte comprising the hypocotyl, and the root meristem, or the radicle if one is present.	\N	\N	\N
615	An outgrowth from parts of the seed other than from the funiculus or raphe.	\N	\N	\N
616	An outgrowth occurring on the raphe.	\N	\N	\N
617	A plug-like structure formed in the micropylar region of the seed coat.	\N	\N	\N
618	A distinct ring-like structure, composed of tracheid cells, which surrounds the hilum of some taxa e.g., Phaseolus, and forms a groove in the surface of the pericarp (immediately adjacent to the hilum).	\N	\N	\N
619	A more or less localized region within an ovary to which ovules are attached.	\N	\N	\N
620	The hypodermis of an anther sac with distinctively thickened walls and involved in its dehiscence, especially when this is by slits.	\N	\N	\N
621	A stalked or sessile structure in a seed plant within which one or more megaspores are formed and later the female gametophyte or embryo sac develops.	\N	\N	\N
622	The epidermis of an anther sac, sometimes with distinctively thickened walls and involved in its dehiscence, usually only when this is poricidal.	\N	\N	\N
623	An inpushing of the anther wall.	\N	\N	\N
624	The stalk which attaches the ovule to the placenta.	\N	\N	\N
625	The outer layer of the pollen grain wall, highly resistant to strong acids and bases, and composed primarily of sporopollenin.	\N	\N	\N
626	The outer part of the exine, which stains positively with basic fuchsin in optical microscopy and has higher electron density in conventionally prepared TEM sections.	\N	Although the term endexine as originally defined (see APWeb) was more or less synonymous with nexine it no longer is because endexine is now invariably used in the sense of F?gri (see APWeb). Nexine and sexine are distinguished on purely morphological criteria, whereas ectexine and endexine differ in their staining properties.	\N
627	The inner part of the exine, which stains.	\N	Although the term endexine as originally defined (see APWeb) was more or less synonymous with nexine it no longer is because endexine is now invariably used in the sense of F?gri (see APWeb). Nexine and sexine are distinguished on purely morphological criteria, whereas ectexine and endexine differ in their staining properties.	\N
628	The inner, non-sculptured part of the exine which lies below the sexine.	\N	Although the term endexine as originally defined (see APWeb) was more or less synonymous with nexine it no longer is because endexine is now invariably used in the sense of F?gri (see APWeb). Nexine and sexine are distinguished on purely morphological criteria, whereas ectexine and endexine differ in their staining properties.	\N
629	The outer, sculptured layer of the exine, which lies above the nexine.	\N	Although the term ectexine as originally defined (see APWeb) was more or less synonymous with sexine, it no longer is because ectexine is now invariably used in the redefined sense (see APWeb). Unlike ectexine, sexine does not include the foot layer. Sexine and nexine are distinguished on purely morphological criteria, whereas ectexine and endexine differ in their staining properties. The two sets of terms are therefore suited for slightly different applications.  A system of sexine stratification in which sexine 1 is the innermost and sexine 5 is the outermost layer of the sexine. Comment\\: Usually the sexine consists of 3 layers (sexine 1 = columellae; sexine 2 = tectum; sexine 3 = sculpture elements).	\N
630	The layer of sexine, which forms a roof over the columellae, granules or other infratectal elements.	\N	\N	\N
631	A rod-like element of the sexine/ectexine, either supporting the tectum or a caput.	\N	\N	\N
632	Third layer of sexine.	\N	\N	\N
633	The inner layer of the ectexine.	\N	\N	\N
634	The innermost of the major layers of the pollen grain wall, underlies the exine and borders the cytoplasm, not acetolysis resistant and is therefore absent in conventionally prepared palynological material.	\N	\N	\N
635	Area through which the pollen imports the nutrition during its development, at the time of pollen germination, the pollen tube emerges through it.	\N	\N	\N
636	The larger, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced after meiosis in the life cycle of a heterosporous plant, and on germination giving rise to the female gametophyte (embryo sac).	\N	\N	\N
637	Subepidermal tissue in the ovule surrounding the megasporocyte.	\N	\N	\N
638	One of the layers of tissue that usually covers the ovule, enveloping the nucellus and forming the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
639	The innermost of the two layers of tissue that usually cover the ovule, contiguous to the nucellus and usually contributing to the formation of the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
640	One of the two layers of tissue that usually cover the ovule, contiguous to the inner integument and usually involved in forming the micropyle at the apex.	\N	\N	\N
641	Cells of the inner epidermis of the inner (or only) integument of the ovule that are radially elongated and metabolically very active.	\N	\N	\N
642	A small canal or opening through the integument(s) at the apex of an ovule.	\N	In a mature seed the micropyle may remain visible as an occluded pore or may be obliterated. The micropyle originates as an opening in the integuments of an ovule through which the pollen tube usually enters the embryo sac.	\N
643	Region in the ovule where the integuments and the nucellus join with the funiculus.	\N	The chalaza is recognized as the region which initiates the two integuments at its flank.	\N
644	That part of the funiculus that is adnate to the ovule.	\N	see antiraphe.	\N
645	The region on the other side of the ovule from the raphe.	\N	see raphe.	\N
646	An outgrowth of the funicle, that forms a bridge between the micropyle and other tissues.	\N	Most commonly arising from the funicle, also developing from placenta, integument, etc.	\N
647	A leaf or leaves formed at the first node of a sporophyte.	\N	\N	\N
648	The radicle is the basal continuation of the hypocotyl in an embryo and gives rise to the root system of the adult plant; sometimes more or less abortive.	\N	\N	\N
649	The somewhat differentiated terminal bud in several embryo types above the cotyledonary node, in which one or more internodes and leaves or scales can be discerned in a primordial stage.	\N	\N	\N
650	A tubular structure developed at the junction of the cotyledonary sheath with the seedling axis, and surrounding the plumule of a monocot embryo or seedling.	\N	\N	\N
651	Tissue surrounding the radicle in the embryo or seedling of some monocots.	\N	\N	\N
652	The first internode of the stem above the hypocotyl. In literature also used for the entire embryonic axis, consisting of several internodes, above the cotyledonary node.	\N	\N	\N
653	A flap of tissue in an embryo or seedling arising opposite to the insertion of the cotyledon/scutellum.	\N	\N	\N
654	The internode between the cotyledon or cotyledons and the leaf or leaves at the next node of a young sporophyte.	\N	\N	\N
655	The stalk of a leaf.	\N	\N	\N
656	The blade of a leaf, usually dorsiventrally flattened, and expanded.	\N	\N	\N
657	The bottom part of a leaf where it attaches to the stem.	\N	\N	\N
658	One of (usually) a pair of appendages at the bases of leaves in many broad-leaved angiosperms.	\N	The term not used for monocot leaves.	\N
659	A leaf in which the lamina is undivided.	\N	\N	\N
660	A leaf having two or more distinct leaflets that are evident as such from early in development.	\N	\N	\N
661	The unifacial terete apical portion of a monocot cotyledon, sometimes also visible on other leaves.	\N	\N	\N
662	A once-compound leaf with leaflets borne along a rachis.	\N	The total number of leaflets may be even or odd, in which case the leaf is called even-pinnate or odd-pinnate respectively.	\N
663	A once-compound leaf divided into several leaflets which arise at the same point, there being no rachis.	\N	\N	\N
664	A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) microspores.	\N	\N	\N
665	The smaller, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced after meiosis in the life cycle of a heterosporous plant, and on germination giving rise to the male gametophyte.	\N	\N	\N
666	One of the ultimate segments of a compound leaf.	\N	\N	\N
667	The stalk of a leaflet.	\N	\N	\N
668	Stipule-like appendage(s) at the base of a leaflet (in unifoliolate or simple leaves, found at the top of the petiole).	\N	\N	\N
669	OBSOLETE. Literally a large leaf, a leaf of any size whose vascular supply leaves one or more gaps as it departs from the stem vascular tissue.	\N	\N	\N
670	OBSOLETE. Literally a small leaf, a leaf of any size in which any vascular trace supplying it does not interrupt the central vascular cylinder when it departs, i.e. there are no leaf gaps.	\N	\N	\N
671	A reduced leaf surrounding a dormant bud.	\N	\N	\N
672	That part of the main axis of a pinnate or more highly compound leaf, that bears leaflets or divisions of the axis.	\N	\N	\N
673	That part of the seed coat that develops from the inner integument.	\N	\N	\N
674	That part of the seed coat that develops from the outer integument, or from the single integument when there is only one.	\N	\N	\N
675	Diploid nutritive tissue in an angiospermous seed derived from nucellar tissue.	\N	\N	\N
676	Complex wall surrounding the micrsopore.	\N	\N	\N
677	An outgrowth from the surface of a seed, usually near the hilum or micropyle.	\N	\N	\N
678	A tuft of hairs at one end of a seed.	\N	\N	\N
679	An appendage of a seed, usually rich in oil, attractive to animals, especially ants.	\N	\N	\N
680	The scar on a seed at the place where it was attached to its funicle.	\N	\N	\N
681	OBSOLETE. Fruit that breaks open at maturity to release the contents.	\N	\N	\N
682	OBSOLETE. Fruit that does not open at maturity.	\N	\N	\N
683	OBSOLETE. The fruit may be derived from monocarpellate or multicarpellate gynoecia. Their walls may consist of the pericarp or of pericarp fused with extracarpellary tissue. The outer part of the fruit wall or the entire fruit wall may become fleshy by differentiating into soft, succulent parenchyma. Parts other than the wall such as placentae and partitions in multilocular ovaries may become fleshy.	\N	\N	\N
684	OBSOLETE. One segment of a fruit of a schizocarp consisting of pericarp plus seed(s).	\N	\N	\N
685	OBSOLETE.	\N	\N	\N
686	OBSOLETE. The 'stone' or 'pit' (endocarp plus seed) of a succulent fruit.	\N	\N	\N
687	OBSOLETE.	\N	\N	\N
688	OBSOLETE. Fruit on a common axis derived from the ovaries of several flowers.	\N	\N	\N
689	The largest cell of the mature embryo sac. Contains two polar nuclei, which (after double fertilization) will develop into the endosperm.	\N	\N	\N
690	A plant body or cell lineage formed by vegetative growth of the microspore, producing male gametes.	\N	\N	\N
691	Embryo sac in flowering plants.	\N	\N	\N
692	Cell, commonly three in number as in the eight-nucleate embryo sac, located at the other end of the embryo sac from the female gamete.	\N	More or less persistent, multiplicative or not.	\N
693	A non motile cell at the apex of the embryo sac immediately adjacent to the micropyle and associated with the synergid cells.	\N	\N	\N
694	Usually two nuclei in the center of the eight-nucleate embryo sac that fuse, and subsequently fuse with one of the male gametes to produce the endosperm.	\N	see endosperm.	\N
695	The egg cell and two synergids located at the micropylar end of the female gametophyte, or the embryo sac, in angiosperms.	\N	\N	\N
696	A cell of the male gametophyte of angiosperms that divides to produce two male gametes or sperm cells.	\N	\N	\N
697	The larger cell of the male gametophyte of angiosperms that does not divide further.	\N	\N	\N
698	The part of the stem below the cotyledonary node and transitional to a root, found in a young sporophyte.	\N	\N	\N
699	A fissure or pore in the anther lobe through which the pollen is released.	\N	\N	\N
700	Tissue in the style of a carpel through which the pollen tube grows; it connects the stigma and the inside of ovary.	\N	\N	\N
701	The last mature leaf before the inflorescence in a cereal crop plant.	\N	\N	\N
702	Any tubular portion of the leaf surrounding the stem, as in the Poaceae.	\N	\N	\N
703	A membranous or hairy appendage on the adaxial/upper surface of a leaf, at the junction between sheath and blade, especially in grasses	\N	\N	\N
704	Outgrowth at the base of a leaf blade that may wrap around the stem.	\N	\N	\N
705	A nearly always single file of cells at the base of the embryo derived from the basal cell.	\N	It anchors the embryo in the embryo sac and pushes it into the endosperm.	\N
706	The uppermost cell of the suspensor from which part of the root and root cap in the embryo of angiosperms are derived.	\N	\N	\N
707	A more or less shield-shaped and absorptive portion of an embryo of grasses, probably a modified cotyledon.	\N	\N	\N
708	Root developing from the pericycle layer of the primary root.	\N	\N	\N
709	The central supporting structure around which flowers are borne.	\N	cob (sensu Zea) is different from the cob inflorescence found in Sorghum.	\N
710	A group of cells that covers the apical meristem of the root.	\N	\N	\N
711	The central column of primary vascular tissue in the root and any tissue that it surrounds.	\N	Includes the pericycle as the outermost layer of the stele	\N
712	The portion of the root that includes small, densely cytoplasmic cells that are dividing and expanding in size.	\N	\N	\N
713	The functionally-staminate flowering structure that terminates the stem of a Zea mays plant.	\N	Branched inflorescence with a central axis and about 10-50 lateral branches.	\N
714	The root which develops directly from the embryonic radicle.	\N	\N	\N
715	The margin or edge of the lamina.	\N	\N	\N
716	The central part of a root cap in which the cells are arranged in longitudinal files.	\N	\N	\N
717	The part of the root cap that is parallel to the sides of the axis.	\N	\N	\N
718	Cell that constitutes the central part of the root cap, arranged in longitudinal files.	\N	\N	\N
719	Cell that produces columella cells in the root cap. In direct contact with quiescent center.	\N	\N	\N
720	OBSOLETE. Solid cell inclusion of starch containing plastids occurring in root cap cells.	\N	This is sub-cellular term	\N
721	The portion of the root located behind the elongation zone containing cells that are differentiating into their final form and function.	\N	\N	\N
722	The distal part of a lateral (axillary) branch in Zea that bears the functionally-carpellate florets in a highly contracted inflorescence.	\N	\N	\N
723	The top part of the leaf, usually the apex of the leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
724	A strand of vascular tissue in the leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
725	The central, and usually the most prominent, vein of a leaf or leaf-like organ.	\N	\N	\N
726	Second order veins in the leaf blade.	\N	\N	\N
727	The level (transverse plane) of a stem at which one or more leaves and associated axillary bud(s) arise.	\N	\N	\N
728	The portion of a stem between the level of insertion of two successive leaves, leaf pairs or leaf whorls, or branches of an inflorescence, i.e. between two nodes.	\N	see node.	\N
729	The meristems located at the apices of the main and lateral shoots and roots.	\N	\N	\N
730	Cells along the stem or root that first differentiate and function as members of a mature tissue system but then again take up meristematic activity.	\N	\N	\N
731	Meristem at the root apex.	\N	In most cases it is involved in root elongation.	\N
732	Meristem formed in the apex of the shoot, including meristems originating as axillary shoot meristems.	\N	\N	\N
733	Hemispherically shaped aggregation of mitotically and metabolically inactive cells positioned behind the root cap.	\N	\N	\N
734	OBSOLETE. the root meristem gets organized	\N	This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
736	Stages of development of a fruit defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
737	The initial stage of leaf development  where cells in the SAM are already determined to form a leaf primordium, but the primordium itself is not distinguishable morphologically.	\N	\N	\N
738	Stages of development of the anther defined by characteristic morphological, cytological, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
739	An initial stage during which archesporial cells arise in four corners of L2 layer. Change in shape of primordia to more oval.	\N	\N	\N
740	Stage during which the microsporocytes become conspicuous.	\N	\N	\N
741	Stages of development of the pollen defined by characteristic morphological, cytological, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
742	Stage during which diploid pollen mother cells become separated from each other and from tapetum by a callose wall.	\N	\N	\N
743	Stage during which pollen mother cells undergo meiosis to form tetrads of microspores.	\N	\N	\N
744	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the callose wall between the tetrads breaks down and haploid microspores are released and lie freely in locules.	\N	\N	\N
745	An initial stage during which the archesporial cells divide to give rise to primary parietal and sporogenous cells.	\N	\N	\N
746	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the microspores round up and small vacuoles appear in their cytoplasm.  The microspore walls thicken due to the formation of the exine.	\N	\N	\N
747	Stage of microgametophyte development during which a large vacuole is formed in each microspore causing a rapid increase in size and a displacement of the nucleus to one side.	\N	\N	\N
748	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the asymmetric, first mitotic division of the microspores occurs producing a large vegetative cell and small generative cell, located near pollen wall.	\N	\N	\N
749	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the generative cell undergoes mitotic division to form two male gametes, the sperm cells.	\N	In taxa with mature two-celled pollen, the second mitotic division takes place after pollen germination, in germinating pollen tube.	\N
750	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the pollen reaches mature stage and desiccates.	\N	Mature pollen stages is reached at three-celled pollen in some angiosperms (maize, rice and Arabidopsis), while in others, the maturepollen has  two haploid cells  (tobacco, snapdragon).	\N
751	The final stage in the life cycle of the male gametophyte. Upon rehydration, mature pollen grain forms a tubular outgrowth, the pollen tube, which carries the male gametes.	\N	\N	\N
752	Stage during which the primary parietal and  primary sporogenous layers are derived from archesporial cells.	\N	\N	\N
753	Stage of leaf development  when leaf primordium is formed as a small protrusion on the flank of SAM.	\N	\N	\N
754	Stage of leaf development  when a hood-shaped  primordium is formed, partially enclosing P1 and SAM, as in Poaceae.	\N	\N	\N
755	Stage of leaf development  when conical P3 leaf completely encloses SAM, and the ligule primordium is visible, as in Poaceae.	\N	\N	\N
756	Stage of leaf development  during which a rapid elongation of the leaf blade occurs; the elongation of the leaf sheath has not started, as in Poaceae.	\N	\N	\N
757	Stage of leaf development  during which a rapid elongation of the leaf sheath occurs, as in Poaceae.	\N	\N	\N
758	Stage during which the four-lobed anther pattern with two developing stomium regions (notch) are formed.	\N	\N	\N
759	Stage during which the four clearly defined locules are established. All anther cell types present and microspore mother cells appear.	\N	\N	\N
760	OBSOLETE. The meristematic zone is formed	\N	\N	\N
761	OBSOLETE. The cells of root primordium undergo elonagtion	\N	\N	\N
762	Stage immediately following meiosis, during which the tetrads of microspores are still hold together, enclosed by the callose wall.	\N	\N	\N
763	OBSOLETE. The cells develop their characteristic morphology.	\N	\N	\N
764	The stage at which root is elongating.	\N	In some plant species this stage is subdivided into distal and proximal elonagting zones.	\N
765	Stage during which degeneration of the tapetum is initiated, as the deposition on the surface of the microspore primexine proceeds.	\N	Microspores within single locule are at unicellular stage.	\N
766	Stage during which anther becomes bilocular, after degeneration and breakage of septum below stomium.	\N	\N	\N
767	Stage during which the dehiscence of anthers occurs. Anther breaks along stomium and pollen is released.	\N	\N	\N
768	Stage during which the senescence of anther and stamen occurs. Shrinkage of cells and anther structure takes place.	\N	\N	\N
769	Mature seed with low moisture content.	\N	\N	\N
770	The initial stage of endosperm development during which the chalazal and micropilar domains are established.	\N	\N	\N
771	Stage of endosperm development during which the functional specialization of the maturing endosperm occurs.	\N	\N	\N
772	Stage of calyx development defined by differentiation and expansion of sepal.	\N	\N	\N
773	Stage of calyx development when sepal is fully expanded.	\N	\N	\N
774	Stages of development of the lemma defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
775	Stages of development of the palea defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
776	Stages of development of the lodicule defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
777	Stages of development of a leaf defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
778	The earliest histological evidence of leaf initiation, i.e, a change in the orientation of cell division both in the epidermis and in internal layers of the shoot meristem occurs at this stage (Poethig S, 1997, Plant Cell 9:1077-1087).	\N	Cells in the primordium are not yet differentiated.	\N
779	Stage of leaf development which begins when cell differentiation and cell expansion occurs and finishes when the leaf reaches its full size.n	\N	\N	\N
780	Stage of leaf development when leaf is fully expanded.	\N	\N	\N
781	The final stage of leaf development when the leaf ceases metabolic activity and senesces.	\N	\N	\N
782	Stage of lemma development that begins when the lemma primordia arise.	\N	The lemma primordium forms in 1/2 alternate phylotaxy in rice spikelet.	\N
783	Stage of lemma development defined by differentiation and expansion of lemma.	\N	\N	\N
784	Stage of lemma development when lemma is fully expanded.	\N	\N	\N
785	Stage of palea development that begins when the palea primordia arise.	\N	The palea primordium forms in 1/2 alternate phylotaxy in rice spikelet.	\N
786	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the small generative cell moves inward, becoming completely surrounded by the cytoplasm of the vegetative cell.	\N	\N	\N
787	Stage of palea development defined by differentiation and expansion of palea.	\N	\N	\N
788	Stage of palea development when palea is fully expanded.	\N	\N	\N
789	Stage of palea development that begins when the palea primordia arise.	\N	Two lodicules form on the side of the lemma in rice spikelet.	\N
790	Stage of microgametophyte development during which the generative cell undergoes a mitotic division to form two male gametes, the sperm cells.	\N	\N	\N
791	Stage of lodicule development defined by differentiation and expansion of lodicule.	\N	\N	\N
792	The stage during which embryo axis and cotyledons rapidly elongate as a result of cell division and cell expansion.	\N	\N	\N
793	Stage of lodicule development when lodicule is fully expanded.	\N	\N	\N
794	Stage at which the embryo is fully developed.	\N	In some taxa, this occurs some time after the ripe fruit stage and after the dispersal of the seed.	\N
795	Stages of development of an inflorescence defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
796	The coleoptilar primordium, SAM and radicle are formed in the embryo of grasses.	\N	\N	\N
797	During this stage, the protrusion of the first leaf primordia takes place in succession.	\N	Not all embryos form true leaves during the embryonic development; this occurs post-embryonically in some taxa.	\N
798	One cell stage that takes place following the fertilization, produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and one or more polar nuclei.	\N	\N	\N
799	One cell stage that results from fertilization.	\N	\N	\N
800	OBSOLETE. Stage of endosperm development during wich the formation of starchy endosperm occurs.	\N	\N	\N
801	Differentiation of aleurone layer, the outermost endosperm tissue, and the internal starchy tissue.	\N	\N	\N
802	Stages of seed development, from fertilization to the dry or quiescent state.	\N	\N	\N
803	Early embryo development from two cell stage to a multicellular globular stage before three main tissue systems are differentiated.	\N	\N	\N
804	During this stage the embryo proper retains radial symmetry (increasing in diameter), and three main tissue systems are established.	\N	\N	\N
805	Stage of calyx development that begins when the developing sepals overlie the floral meristem.	\N	\N	\N
806	Stage of calyx development that begins when the sepals enclose the floral bud.	\N	\N	\N
807	Stage at which leaflet primordia are initiated on the leaf primordium of a compound leaf.	\N	\N	\N
808	Stage of gynoecium development defined by differentiation and expansion of carpels.	\N	\N	\N
809	Stage of gynoecium development defined by the closure of the carpel(s).n	\N	Closure of the carpel can occur in various ways, by fusion or secretion.	\N
810	Epidermal cells at the top of developing style differentiate stigma.	\N	\N	\N
811	Stage of ovule development defined by differentiation and expansion of ovules.	\N	\N	\N
812	The earliest stage of seed development immediately following double fertilization.	\N	\N	\N
813	Stage of seed development characterized by seed growth and differentiation.	\N	\N	\N
814	Change from radial to bilateral symmetry takes place during this embryonic stage.	\N	\N	\N
815	The early stage in fruit ripening.	\N	\N	\N
816	The stage at which 3/4 of inflorescence has emerged from flag leaf sheath.	\N	\N	\N
817	The stage when the inflorescence reaches full length.	\N	\N	\N
818	OBSOLETE.The stage at which the plant grows rapidly by either or both stem elongation and expansion of the rosette/foliage.	\N	Many stages like leaf production PO\\:0007112, axillary shoot formation PO\\:0007073, inflorescence PO\\:0007047 often overlap with this stage	\N
819	The stage when 1/2 Inflorescence is visible.	\N	\N	\N
820	Inflorescence just visible to the naked eye.	\N	\N	\N
821	The stage when the size of the fruit is about 70% of final fruit size.	\N	\N	\N
822	The stage at which 1/2 of inflorescence has emerged from flag leaf sheath.	\N	\N	\N
823	The stage when the size of the fruit is about 30% of final fruit size.	\N	\N	\N
824	Maturation of the fruit.	\N	Although the use of stages like dough or particular ripening stages properly refer to the development of an individual fruit, they are commonly used as here to extrapolate to a growth of a whole plant or a group of plants.	\N
825	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
826	The stage at which grass plant is producing inflorescence(s).	\N	There is no one-to-one correspondence between growth stages of inflorescences formation in members of Poaceae with that of other families.	\N
827	The flag leaf sheath swollen.	\N	In rice the flag leaf sheath is more than 10cm out of the penultimate leaf sheath.	\N
828	Stage characterized by a swelling of the flag leaf sheath, caused by an increase in the size of the inflorescence as it grows up the leaf sheath.	\N	\N	\N
829	The stage at which the radicle or root emerges from seed.	\N	\N	\N
830	The stage at which any flower(s) on the plant are open.	\N	This stage refers to the whole plant.	\N
831	The processes that occur near the end of a plant's active life that are associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, loss of functional chloroplasts, and an overall decline in metabolism.	\N	\N	\N
832	The flag leaf sheath has started to extend.	\N	In rice the flag leaf sheath is 5cm out of the penultimate leaf sheath. Upper part of the stem is slightly thickened.	\N
833	The first awns are visible and the flag leaf sheath has opened.	\N	Awns will be visible only in those species and varieties where they are known to be present.	\N
834	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
835	The succession of changes during the development of plant parts.	\N	\N	\N
836	Absorption of water by the seed.	\N	\N	\N
837	The stage at which the  inflorescence  has fully emerged from the flag leaf sheath.	\N	\N	\N
838	The stage at which flowering is complete.	\N	This stage refers to the whole plant.	\N
839	The stage at which the inflorescence tip is just visible above flag leaf sheath	\N	\N	\N
840	The stage at which the first flower(s) open.	\N	These first flowers are not necessarily the oldest flowers in the inflorescence. In some cereal plants the flowering starts in the middle of the inflorescence. This stage refers to the whole plant.	\N
841	The stage when the size of the fruit has reached the final fruit size.	\N	\N	\N
842	The flag leaf sheath starts opening.	\N	\N	\N
843	The stage when the size of the fruit is about 50% of final fruit size.	\N	\N	\N
844	Shoot or leaf breaks through soil surface.	\N	\N	\N
845	The stage when fruit ripening is midway.	\N	\N	\N
846	The stage when the size of the fruit is about 10% of final fruit size.	\N	\N	\N
847	The succession of changes during the growth of the whole plant.	\N	\N	\N
848	The stage at which 1/4 of flowers open	\N	This stage refers to the whole plant.	\N
849	OBSOLETE: This stage refers to the developmental and physiological changes that occur in the whole plant after fertilization and during fruit development, maturation, and provisioning.	\N	We have chosen to use fruit size as a marker of these physiological processes to represent the whole plant growth stage.	\N
850	The stage at which fruit maturation begins.	\N	\N	\N
851	The stage at which fruit ripening is complete.	\N	\N	\N
852	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
853	The stage at which the inflorescence emerges from the flag leaf sheath.	\N	\N	\N
854	Formation of the seed-bearing structure after flowering.	\N	Although the use of stages like milk or particular fruit sizes properly refer to the development of an individual fruit, they are commonly used as here to extrapolate to a growth of a whole plant or a group of plants.	\N
855	Emergence of the hypocotyl above ground.	\N	Occurs in plants with epigeal germination.	\N
856	The flag leaf sheath is just visibly swollen.	\N	In rice the flag leaf sheath is 5-10cm out of the penultimate leaf sheath.	\N
857	Emergence of coleoptile above ground.	\N	\N	\N
858	The stage when 1/4 Inflorescence is visible.	\N	\N	\N
859	The stage at which plant is producing inflorescence(s).	\N	\N	\N
860	The stage at which 1/4 of inflorescence has emerged from flag leaf sheath.	\N	\N	\N
861	Emergence of cotyledons above ground.	\N	This cannot be used in plants with hypogeal germination.	\N
862	The late stage of fruit ripening.	\N	\N	\N
863	Booting has just begun.	\N	\N	\N
864	The stage at which 3/4 of flowers open.	\N	This stage refers to the whole plant.	\N
865	The stage at which 1/2 of flowers open.	\N	This stage refers to the whole plant.	\N
866	Emergence of the epicotyl above ground.	\N	Only the first true foliage leaf or pair of leaves are visible.  Occurs in plants with hypogeal germination.	\N
867	The resumption of growth by the embryo in a seed.	\N	\N	\N
869	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
870	The stage at which six nodes or six internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
871	The stage at which leaves at seven nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
872	The stage at which leaves at twelve nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
873	The stage at which leaves at five nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
874	The stage at which nine nodes or nine internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
875	The stage at which leaves at seventeen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
876	Rosette has reached approximately 50% of its final diameter.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
877	The stage at which eight nodes or eight internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
878	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at two nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
879	The stage at which leaves at eighteen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
880	The stage at which the axillary shoots are forming.	\N	\N	\N
881	The stage at which fifteen nodes or fifteen internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
882	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
883	Rosette has reached approximately 70% of its final diameter.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
884	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at eight nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
885	Stage at which rosette no longer increases in diameter, its leaf growth and expansion having ceased.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
886	The stage at which the internodes begin to elongate.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
887	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at three nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
888	Rosette has reached approximately 20% of its final diameter.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
889	The stage at which leaves at twenty or more nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
890	The stage at which leaves at thirteen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
891	The stage at which ten nodes or ten internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
892	The stage at which leaves at fourteen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
893	The stage at which five nodes or five internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
894	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoot(s) at one node is (are) visible.	\N	\N	\N
895	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at four nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
896	The stage at which the internodes elongate.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
897	The stage at which thirteen nodes or thirteen internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
898	The stage at which one node or one internode is visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
899	The stage at which four nodes or four internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
900	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at five nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
901	The stage at which leaves at one node, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	In the taxa with hypogeal type germination the first leaf on the epicotyl is leaf 1, and in grasses, the coleoptile is leaf 1.  The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
902	The stage at which leaves at eight nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
903	The stage at which three nodes or three internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
904	The stage at which fourteen nodes or fourteen internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
905	The stage at which leaves at two nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	In grasses, the plant has one leaf plus the coleoptile.  The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
906	The stage at which the flag leaf is visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
907	The stage at which sixteen nodes or more, or sixteen internodes or more are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
908	The stage at which leaves at nine nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
909	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
910	The stage at which leaves at ten nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
911	The stage at which leaves at fifteen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
912	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
913	The stage at which leaves at three nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
914	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
915	The stage at which seven nodes or seven internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
916	The stage at which maximum stem length is reached.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
917	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at nine nodes or more are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
918	The stage at which twelve nodes or twelve internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
919	The stage at which vegetative structures are being produced by SAM.	\N	In monocots each leaf stage is defined according to the uppermost leaf whose collar is visible (Handbook of plant and crop physiology)	\N
920	Stages of growth based on expansion of the rosette in Arabidopsis	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
921	The stage at which eleven nodes or eleven internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
922	The stage at which leaves at four nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
923	The stage at which leaves at eleven nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
924	The stage at which two nodes or two internodes are visible.	\N	A measure of vegetative growth, but leaf production is to be preferred.	\N
925	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at six nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
926	The stage at which leaves at sixteen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
927	The stage at which leaves at nineteen nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
928	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
929	The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at seven nodes are visible.	\N	The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node.	\N
930	The stage at which leaves at six nodes, other than the cotyledonary node, are visible above ground.	\N	The leaves can be a single leaf, two, or whorls of leaves at each node.	\N
931	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
932	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
933	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
934	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
935	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
936	OBSOLETE	\N	\N	\N
937	Stage of growth when reproductive structures are being produced.	\N	\N	\N
938	Growth of embryo after imbibition up to the development of the first adult leaves.	\N	\N	\N
939	A suspension of physiological activity that can be reactivated once it is broken.	\N	\N	\N
940	The stage at which the leaves produced by SAM are visible above the ground in a seedling or mature plant.	\N	This stage is recommended over rosette growth or stem elongation as it is most easily observed and least ambiguous.	\N
941	Stage of growth when vegetative structures are being produced.	\N	\N	\N
942	The stage at which the root cap becomes evident.	\N	The number and origin of root cap initials that form the root cap varies among species. The root cap initials become independent from the more internally located root meristem cells by an increase in the thickness of the cell wall that separates them	\N
943	OBSOLETE. The root initials divide repeatedly and add more cells	\N	This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
944	The stage at which the initial cells of crown root primordium are formed in  the innermost ground meristem cells by one or two periclinal divisions.	\N	Crown root primordia formed endogenously opposite the collateral bundles in maize.	\N
945	The stage at which root primordium originates and develops at specific locations in embryonic and post embryonic roots.	\N	\N	\N
946	The stage at which a group of cells or initials that will differentiate into the primary root become organized in the embryo .	\N	\N	\N
947	The stage at which the root vascular cylinder becomes evident.	\N	The first identifiable region in the differentiating vascular cylinder is the pericycle. In the xylem the differentiation of the tracheary elements begins in a centrifugal direction but is completed in the centripetal direction. The first phloem elements mature before the first xylem elements.	\N
948	The stage at which the fully formed root emerges.	\N	\N	\N
949	This stage at which the transverse divisions in pericycle cells form the initials of the lateral root primordium.	\N	\N	\N
950	OBSOLETE. The root initials differentiate by cell division and cell expansion.	\N	Crown root stages are based on rice plant. This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
951	The stage at which the root cortex becomes evident.	\N	Repetitive periclinal divisions and radial enlargement of cells form the cortex layers, the innermost layers become the endodermis with the differentiation of casparian strips.	\N
952	OBSOLETE. The stage at which the meristem of the crown root becomes evident.	\N	\N	\N
953	The stage at which the root epidermis becomes evident.	\N	Root hairs come to full development beyond the region of elongation zone, approximately at the level where the xylem begins to mature.	\N
954	The stage at which the lateral root emerges.	\N	Starch grains can be seen in the root cap after emergence.	\N
955	The stage at which the crown root emerges.	\N	Crown root stages are based on rice plant.	\N
956	The stage at which the root hairs becomes evident.	\N	\N	\N
957	Stages of development of a root defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	At present the stages are described for primary, lateral and crown roots and stages for adventitious root formed by wounding or hormone treatment is not described. Finer resolution of root stages has been kept in the obsolete node as they are not consistently used in the consulted literature. These terms will be reintroduced into the ontology when there is a specific user request.	\N
958	OBSOLETE. Differentiation begins with the enlargement and vacuolation of the tracheary elements of the metaxylem.	\N	These stages are based on Arabidopsis plant. This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
959	OBSOLETE. The root initial cells are established.	\N	\N	\N
960	OBSOLETE. The stage at which the meristem of the primary root becomes evident.	\N	\N	\N
961	The stage at which distinct tissues become organized.	\N	\N	\N
962	OBSOLETE. The stage at which the root hairs are fully elongated.	\N	\N	\N
963	The stage at which the root meristem becomes evident.	\N	Characteristic differences in meristem organization have been related to taxonomic groups. Terms for developmental zones formation are available in the oboslete node, and they will be reintroduced in the ontology when there is a specific user request for them.	\N
964	OBSOLETE. Radial expansion followed by subsequent periclinal divisions forms the pericycle-derived tissues.	\N	This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
965	OBSOLETE. The stage at which the emerged root starts to elongate.	\N	\N	\N
966	OBSOLETE. Radial expansion followed by subsequent periclinal divisions forms the isodiametric founder cell tissues.	\N	This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
967	OBSOLETE. The stage at which the roots hairs are initiated.	\N	\N	\N
969	OBSOLETE. The first protoxylem elements next to the pericycle develop secondary walls and mature.	\N	This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
970	OBSOLETE. Initial cells of crown root primordium divide anticlinally and periclinally to form epidermis-endodermis initial, vascular-cylinder initial and root cap initial.	\N	Crown root stages are based on rice plant. This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
971	OBSOLETE. After the formation of the apical-basal axis in the young embryo, the central and basal portion give rise to the root meristem.	\N	Endogenously formed embryonic roots are exclusive to Poaceae.\\nThis  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
972	OBSOLETE. the root primordium is visbile	\N	\N	\N
973	OBSOLETE. The first phloem elements matures.	\N	This  term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple.	\N
974	OBSOLETE. The stage at which the meristem of the lateral root becomes evident.	\N	\N	\N
975	Stages of development of floral organs defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
976	Stage of flower development marked by the emergence of the floral meristem on the flank of the inflorescence meristem.	\N	\N	\N
977	Stage of floral development that begins when the floral meristem becomes demarcated from the inflorescence meristem by a slight indentation.	\N	\N	\N
978	Stages of development of the calyx defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
979	Stages of development of the corolla defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
980	Stages of development of the androecium defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
981	Stages of development of the gynoecium defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
982	Stage of calyx development that begins when the sepal primordia arise.	\N	\N	\N
983	Stage of corolla development that begins when the petal or petal-stamen primordia arise.	\N	\N	\N
984	OBSOLETE. 50% of the absolute size of the sepals.	\N	\N	\N
985	OBSOLETE. 100% of the absolute size of the sepals.	\N	\N	\N
986	Stage of corolla development defined by differentiation and expansion of petal.	\N	\N	\N
987	Stage of corolla development when petal is fully expanded.	\N	\N	\N
988	Stage of androecium development that begins when the stamens or petal-stamen primordia arise.	\N	\N	\N
989	Stages of development of a flower defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
990	The phase of a flower when pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive.	\N	\N	\N
991	The phase of a flower after the pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive.	\N	\N	\N
992	Stage of gynoecium development that begins when the carpel primordia arise.	\N	\N	\N
993	Stages of development of the ovule defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features.	\N	\N	\N
994	Stage of ovule development that begins when the ovule primordia arise.	\N	\N	\N
995	Stages of development of the megagametophyte.	\N	Although megaspore and megagametophyte development are normally separate, one spore producing one gametophyte, in some flowering plants a single gametophyte may be produced from two or four spores.	\N
996	Stage of ovule development that begins when the integument primordia are visible.	\N	\N	\N
997	The stage of megagametophyte development when the megaspore mother cell enlarges.	\N	\N	\N
998	The stage of megagametophyte development when the megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis.	\N	\N	\N
999	The product of meiosis of the megaspore mother cell.	\N	\N	\N
1000	The stage of megagametophyte development when non-functional megaspores degenerate.	\N	In some plants more than one megaspore contributes to the megametophyte.	\N
1001	The stage of megagametophyte development when there are two nuclei.	\N	\N	\N
1002	The stage of megagametophyte development when there are four nuclei.	\N	\N	\N
1003	The stage of megagametophyte development when there are eight nuclei.	\N	Some plants do not form an eight nucleate megametophyte.	\N
1004	Stages of development of the embryo.	\N	\N	\N
1005	Stage during which the seed storage products (storage proteins, lipids and starch) are being accumulated, either in the cotyledons or in the endosperm. Also, LEA proteins are accumulated and subsequentially, desiccation tolerant state is reached at the end of this stage.	\N	\N	\N
1006	Stages of development of the endosperm.	\N	\N	\N
1007	The succession of changes leading from the zygote to the mature plant.	\N	\N	\N
1008	OBSOLETE. The proportion of the absolute size reached by the calyx	\N	\N	\N
1009	OBSOLETE. The stages of development of the calyx with respect to the rest of the bud	\N	\N	\N
1010	Stage of inflorescence development marked by the formation of the inflorescence meristem on a vegetative branch.	\N	\N	\N
