format-version: 1.2 date: 25:03:2015 14:02 saved-by: cooperl auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit 2.3.1 remark: Filtered by Subset contains "Maize" ontology: po [Term] id: PO:0000036 name: leaf vascular system namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A phyllome vascular system that includes the totality of the portions of vascular tissue in their specific arrangement in a leaf." [POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "leaf venation" RELATED [] synonym: "sistema vascular de la hoja (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "葉維管系 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OB_SF2_PO:50 is_a: PO:0025206 ! phyllome vascular system relationship: part_of PO:0009025 ! vascular leaf [Term] id: PO:0000044 name: prop root namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A shoot-borne nodal root (PO:0003005) formed at a stem node above the ground, and growing directly into the soil." [POC:Laurel_Cooper, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: This term is perhaps best defined functionally to prop the plant up. subset: Maize subset: reference subset: TraitNet synonym: "brace root" RELATED [] synonym: "breathing root" BROAD [] synonym: "raíz de sostén (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "支柱根、支持根、支柱気根 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:163 is_a: PO:0003005 ! shoot-borne nodal root [Term] id: PO:0001002 name: fruit development stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a single fruit (PO:0009001)." [POC:cooperl, POC:curators] comment: Defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features of a fruit. Includes as subclasses fruit formation stage (PO:0025501) and fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502). May have as part a seed development stage (PO:0001170). This stage applies to an individual fruit. For development stages of a whole plant (PO:0000003) based on fruit development, use whole plant fruit development stage (PO:0025500) or its subclasses. subset: Maize synonym: "stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 18 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 19 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 20 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:501 is_a: PO:0025571 ! multi-tissue plant structure development stage [Term] id: PO:0001081 name: mature plant embryo stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631) during the interval between when a plant embryo (PO:0009009) has stopped developmental growth involved in morphogenesis (GO:0060560) and one of the following: the beginning of the seed germination stage (PO:0007057) in seed plants, formation of the first vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in pteridophytes, the beginning of development of a sporangium (PO:0025094) in bryophytes, or the beginning of the formation of a plant organ (PO:0009008) such as a root (PO:0009005), shoot axis (PO:0025029), or vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in a cultured plant embryo (PO:0000010)." [APweb:Glossary, POC:Laurel_Cooper, POC:Ramona_Walls, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: In some seed plants, this occurs some time after the fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502) and after the dispersal of the seed (PO:0009010). This stage may be very short in plants that do not enter a plant embryo dormant stage (PO:0025377). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "mature (stage) in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007631 ! plant embryo development stage relationship: preceded_by PO:0001078 ! plant embryo cotyledonary stage relationship: preceded_by PO:0001094 ! plant embryo coleoptilar stage [Term] id: PO:0001094 name: plant embryo coleoptilar stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631) during which a primordium (PO:0025127) of the plant embryo coleoptile (PO:0025286), a plant embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362) and the plant embryo radicle (PO:0025296) are formed." [POC:Laurel_Cooper, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: This stage occurs in grasses and other monocots. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "SAM and radicle formation stage" RELATED [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007631 ! plant embryo development stage relationship: preceded_by PO:0004507 ! plant embryo bilateral stage [Term] id: PO:0001095 name: plant embryo true leaf formation stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631) during the interval between the beginning of the formation of the first vascular leaf primordium (PO:0000017) after the embryo cotyledons (PO:0025470) or plant embryo coleoptile (PO:0025286), and the onset of a mature plant embryo stage (PO:0001081)." [POC:Laurel_Cooper, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: A true leaf is vascular leaf (PO:0009025) that forms after the cotyledons (PO:0020030) or coleoptile (PO:0020033). Not all species form true leaves in the plant embryo. Preceded by a plant embryo cotyledonary stage (PO:0001078) or a plant embryo coleoptilar stage (PO:0001094), depending upon the species. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Rice xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007631 ! plant embryo development stage [Term] id: PO:0001180 name: plant proembryo stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631) that occurs during the interval between the first cell division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) and the onset of the plant globular embryo stage (PO:0001185)." [APweb:Glossary, POC:Laurel_Cooper, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: The plant proembryo stage occurs prior to the differentiation of the three main tissue systems (vascular system (PO:0000034) epidermis (PO:0005679); and the portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059)). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "eight-celled stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] synonym: "two-celled stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007631 ! plant embryo development stage [Term] id: PO:0001185 name: plant embryo globular stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631) that occurs during the interval between when a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001) increases in diameter through cell division, but retains radial symmetry (with the concomitant formation of a protoderm (PO:0006210)), and the onset of a plant embryo bilateral stage (PO:0004507)." [POC:curators, POC:Laurel_Cooper, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: During the plant globular embryo stage, differentiation of the three main tissue systems (vascular system (PO:0000034); epidermis (PO:0005679); and the portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059)) occurs. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "dermatogen stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] synonym: "globular stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] synonym: "late globular stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] synonym: "mid-globular stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007631 ! plant embryo development stage relationship: preceded_by PO:0001180 ! plant proembryo stage [Term] id: PO:0004507 name: plant embryo bilateral stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage alt_id: PO:0001043 alt_id: PO:0001177 def: "A plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631) that occurs during the interval between the transition from radial to bilateral symmetry in a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001) and the onset of either the plant embryo cotyledonary stage (PO:0001078) or the plant embryo coleoptilar stage (PO:0001094)." [POC:Laurel_Cooper, POC:Ramona_Walls, TAIR:Katica_Ilic] comment: A plant embryo bilateral stage is commonly known as the heart stage in dicotyledonous plants. Preceded by a plant embryo globular stage (PO:0001185). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "heart stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] synonym: "heart-shape stage" RELATED [] synonym: "transition stage in maize" RELATED [] synonym: "triangle stage in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007631 ! plant embryo development stage relationship: preceded_by PO:0001185 ! plant embryo globular stage [Term] id: PO:0004540 name: fruit columella namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A columella that forms the central axis of a fruit." [POC:curators] subset: Maize subset: Tomato synonym: "columela del fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "fruit carpophore" EXACT [FNA:93b5938d-aeac-4e64-9190-db4c8a2ed341] synonym: "fruit columellae" NARROW Plural [FNA:8712ee90-8b17-4bb5-b929-35644b8b4ff6] synonym: "fruit columellas" NARROW Plural [FNA:7024e4e1-69de-473c-94b9-e184f1576141] synonym: "果実柱軸 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:238 is_a: PO:0025230 ! columella relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0004707 name: fruit dehiscence zone namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A dehiscence zone that is part of a fruit." [POC:curators] comment: Upon fruit maturation by drying, undergoes cell separation, allowing the valves to detach from the replum and seeds to be dispersed. subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize synonym: "zona de dehiscencia del fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "裂開果帯 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0025092 ! dehiscence zone relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0005020 name: vascular bundle namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A portion of vascular tissue (PO:0009015) that is a unit strand of the vascular system (PO:0000034) and has as part xylem (PO:0005352) or phloem (PO:0005417)." [POC:curators] comment: May also contain portions of ground tissue (PO:0025059). The bundle sheath (PO:0006023) can also be part of a vascular bundle, if it is present. subset: Maize subset: TraitNet synonym: "haz vascular (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "vein" EXACT [] synonym: "維管束 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:431 is_a: PO:0009015 ! portion of vascular tissue [Term] id: PO:0006000 name: caryopsis hull namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A collective phyllome structure that encloses a fruit of the Poaceae (caryopsis) and develops from a dried lemma and palea." [POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "plúmula de Poaceae (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "Poaceae hull" EXACT [] synonym: "イネ科植物 籾殻、外皮 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:239 is_a: PO:0025023 ! collective phyllome structure relationship: develops_from PO:0009037 ! lemma relationship: develops_from PO:0009038 ! palea relationship: part_of PO:0006342 ! infructescence [Term] id: PO:0006213 name: root aerenchyma namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces in the tissue of roots." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: TraitNet synonym: "aerénquima de la raíz (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "根通気組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0005702 ! aerenchyma relationship: part_of PO:0009005 ! root [Term] id: PO:0006309 name: tassel spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A spikelet (PO:0009051) that is part of the tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126) and bears tassel florets (PO:0006310) at maturity." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Laurel_Cooper] subset: Maize synonym: "penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の小穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:537 is_a: PO:0009051 ! spikelet relationship: develops_from PO:0006358 ! tassel spikelet pair meristem relationship: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006310 name: tassel floret namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A small staminate flower (PO:0025600) that is part of a tassel spikelet (PO:0006309)." [PMID:12015291, POC:Laurel_Cooper, POC:Ramona_Walls] comment: The tassel floret (PO:0006310) initiates both stamens (PO:0009029) and carpels (PO:0009030), but all carpels abort during development. Found in Zea spp. subset: Maize synonym: " florete del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂小花 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:537 is_a: PO:0009082 ! spikelet floret is_a: PO:0025600 ! staminate flower relationship: part_of PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006311 name: tassel sessile spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel without a pedicel, developing from the spikelet pair meristem." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "penacho (borla) sésil del florete (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の無柄小穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006312 name: tassel pedicellate spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel with a pedicel, developing from the spikelet pair meristem." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "penacho (borla) pedicelada del florete (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の有柄小穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006313 name: lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A tassel floret that is the lower of the two florets of a pedicellate spikelet of a tassel inflorescence." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "florete inferior de la espiguilla pedicelada (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の有柄小穂の下位小花 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006310 ! tassel floret relationship: part_of PO:0006312 ! tassel pedicellate spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006314 name: upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A tassel floret that is one of the two florets placed above the lower floret on a pedicellate spikelet rachilla of a tassel inflorescence." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "florete superior de la espiguilla pedicelada (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の有柄小穂の上位小花 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006310 ! tassel floret relationship: part_of PO:0006312 ! tassel pedicellate spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006315 name: lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A tassel floret that is the lower of the two florets of a sessile spikelet of a tassel inflorescence." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "florete inferior de la espiguilla sésil (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の無柄小穂の下位小花 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006310 ! tassel floret relationship: part_of PO:0006311 ! tassel sessile spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006316 name: upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A tassel floret that is one of the two florets placed above the lower floret on a sessile spikelet rachilla of a tassel inflorescence." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "florete superior de la espiguilla sésil (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の無柄小穂の上位小花 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006310 ! tassel floret relationship: part_of PO:0006311 ! tassel sessile spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006320 name: ear spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A spikelet (PO:0009051) that is part of the ear inflorescence (PO:0020136) and bears a single ear floret (PO:0006354) at maturity." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, PMID:12015291, POC:Laurel_Cooper] comment: The ear spikelet forms with two ear florets (PO:0006354), but the lower one aborts during development. subset: Maize synonym: "oreja de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂（花）小穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:536 is_a: PO:0009051 ! spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006323 name: tassel inflorescence branch namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An inflorescence branch (PO:0009081) arising from an axillary bud (PO:0004709) on a first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104) or from a higher order inflorescence branch that is part of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126)." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Laurel_Cooper] subset: Maize synonym: "rama del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂枝 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3611296 is_a: PO:0009081 ! inflorescence branch relationship: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006324 name: central spike of tassel inflorescence namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104) that is the central axis of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126)." [POC:curators] subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "espiga central del penacho (borla) de la inflorescencia (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "tassel rachis" RELATED [] synonym: "雄穂(花）中央の穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3611296 is_a: PO:0025104 ! first order inflorescence axis relationship: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006339 name: juvenile vascular leaf namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A vascular leaf that is distinct from adult leaves, being characterized by particular anatomical traits namely, wax and trichome distribution, presence or absence of epidermal cell types, cell wall shape and biochemistry." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, MaizeGDB:lv] comment: Many species have juvenile leaves at the base of the stem, adult leaves at the apex, and transition leaves in between. In maize, juvenile leaves are at the tip of the stalk (stem), which differentiates first, with adult leaves at the base, while other grasses may have other arrangements. The first juvenile leaves in Poaceae are the embryonic leaves found in the grass kernel (caryopsis). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Musa subset: Poaceae subset: Potato subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "hoja juvenil (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "維管束系幼葉 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3324058 is_a: PO:0009025 ! vascular leaf [Term] id: PO:0006340 name: adult vascular leaf namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A vascular leaf characterized by particular anatomical traits namely, wax and trichome distribution, presence or absence of epidermal cell types, cell wall shape and biochemistry." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, MaizeGDB:lv] comment: Many species have juvenile leaves at the base of the stem, adult leaves at the apex, and transition leaves in between. In maize, juvenile leaves are at the tip of the stalk (stem), which differentiates first, with adult leaves at the base, while other grasses may have other arrangements. In some plants the juvenile leaves may go on to establish as adult leaves. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Gymnosperms subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Potato synonym: "hoja adulta (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "維管束系の成葉 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3324058 is_a: PO:0009025 ! vascular leaf [Term] id: PO:0006341 name: primary shoot system namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A shoot system (PO:0009006) that develops from an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362)." [POC:curators, UMSL:fz] subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "main stalk" RELATED [] synonym: "sistema axilar primario (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "一次分げつ系 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009006 ! shoot system [Term] id: PO:0006348 name: ear pedicellate spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Ultimate pedicellate inflorescence branch of the maize ear that develops from the spikelet pair meristem." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "espiga pedicelada de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂（花）の有柄小穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006320 ! ear spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006349 name: ear sessile spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Ultimate sessile inflorescence branch of the maize ear that develops from the spikelet pair meristem." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "espiga sésil de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂の無柄小穂 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006320 ! ear spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006354 name: ear floret namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A small, pistillate flower (PO:0025599) that is part of a ear spikelet (PO:0006320)." [PMID:12015291, POC:Laurel_Cooper, POC:Ramona_Walls] comment: The ear floret (PO:0006354) initiates both carpels (PO:0009030) and stamens (PO:0009029), but all stamens abort during development. Found in Zea spp. subset: Maize synonym: "florete de la espiga (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂小花 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:536 is_a: PO:0009082 ! spikelet floret is_a: PO:0025599 ! pistillate flower relationship: part_of PO:0006320 ! ear spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006358 name: tassel spikelet pair meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The meristem present on short tassel branch that produces two spikelet meristems, each of which produces two floral meristems in a maize tassel." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "par de meristemas del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の小穂対分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006328 ! spikelet pair meristem is_a: PO:0009107 ! tassel inflorescence branch meristem relationship: part_of PO:0009102 ! short tassel branch [Term] id: PO:0006360 name: ear spikelet pair meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An ear inflorescence branch meristem (PO:0009110) that produces two ear spikelet meristems (PO:0006378), each of which produces two flower meristems (PO:0000229) in an ear inflorescence (PO:0020136)." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "par de meristemas de la espiga de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂（花）小穂対分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006328 ! spikelet pair meristem is_a: PO:0009110 ! ear inflorescence branch meristem [Term] id: PO:0006368 name: glume of tassel spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A glume that is part of a tassel spikelet." [POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂小穂の苞頴 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3400282 is_a: PO:0009039 ! glume intersection_of: PO:0009039 ! glume intersection_of: part_of PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006370 name: upper glume of tassel spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An upper glume that is part of a tassel spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma superior del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）小穂の第二苞頴(second glume) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006004 ! upper glume relationship: part_of PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006372 name: lower glume of tassel spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A lower glume that is part of a tassel spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma inferior del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）小穂の第一苞頴(first glume) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006002 ! lower glume relationship: part_of PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006375 name: ear apical meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An inflorescence apical meristem that gives rise to the maize ear." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema apical de la espiga (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂頂分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009108 ! inflorescence apical meristem is_a: PO:0009109 ! ear meristem relationship: part_of PO:0006505 ! central spike of ear inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006376 name: tassel apical meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An inflorescence apical meristem that gives rise to the maize tassel." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema apical del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂頂分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009106 ! tassel meristem is_a: PO:0009108 ! inflorescence apical meristem relationship: part_of PO:0006324 ! central spike of tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006377 name: tassel spikelet meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Apical meristem that gives rise to the upper and lower florets of the maize tassel spikelets." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の小穂分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006327 ! spikelet meristem is_a: PO:0009106 ! tassel meristem [Term] id: PO:0006378 name: ear spikelet meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Apical meristem that gives rise to the upper and lower florets of the maize ear spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema de la espiga de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂（花）小穂分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006327 ! spikelet meristem is_a: PO:0009109 ! ear meristem [Term] id: PO:0006379 name: tassel spikelet rachilla namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The axis of the tassel spikelet, above the glumes." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "raquilla del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の小穂小軸 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006323 ! tassel inflorescence branch is_a: PO:0009080 ! spikelet rachilla relationship: part_of PO:0006309 ! tassel spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006380 name: ear spikelet rachilla namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The axis of the ear spikelet, above the glumes." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "raquilla de la espiga de la espiguilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂（花）小穂小軸 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009080 ! spikelet rachilla relationship: part_of PO:0006320 ! ear spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006385 name: lower glume of pedicellate spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A lower glume of tassel spikelet that is part of a tassel pedicellate spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma inferior de la espiguilla pedicelada del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の有柄小穂の第一苞頴(first glume) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006372 ! lower glume of tassel spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0006312 ! tassel pedicellate spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006386 name: lower glume of sessile spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A lower glume of tassel spikelet that is part of a tassel sessile spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma inferior de la espiguilla sésil del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の無柄小穂の第一苞頴(first glume) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006372 ! lower glume of tassel spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0006311 ! tassel sessile spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006387 name: upper glume of sessile spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An upper glume of tassel spikelet that is part of a tassel sessile spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma superior de la espiguilla sésil del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の無柄小穂の第二苞頴(second glume) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006370 ! upper glume of tassel spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0006311 ! tassel sessile spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006388 name: upper glume of pedicellate spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An upper glume of tassel spikelet that is part of a tassel pedicellate spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "gluma superior de la espiguilla pedicelada del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の有柄小穂の第二苞頴(second glume) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006370 ! upper glume of tassel spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0006312 ! tassel pedicellate spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006389 name: rachilla of sessile spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The axis of the tassel sessile spikelet, above the glumes." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "raquilla de la espiguilla sésil del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の無柄小穂の花序軸 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006379 ! tassel spikelet rachilla relationship: part_of PO:0006311 ! tassel sessile spikelet relationship: part_of PO:0006349 ! ear sessile spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006390 name: rachilla of pedicellate spikelet of tassel namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The axis of the tassel pedicellate spikelet, above the glumes." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "raquilla de la espiguilla pedicelada del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）の有柄小穂の花序軸 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006379 ! tassel spikelet rachilla relationship: part_of PO:0006312 ! tassel pedicellate spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006416 name: pedicel of tassel spikelet namespace: plant_anatomy def: "This is the ultimate branch of the pedicellate tassel spikelet." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "pedicelo de la espiguilla del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花）小穂の小花柄 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006319 ! spikelet pedicel relationship: part_of PO:0006312 ! tassel pedicellate spikelet [Term] id: PO:0006417 name: tassel peduncle namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A peduncle of a maize tassel, below the lowest tassel node." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "pedúnculo del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂花梗 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009053 ! peduncle relationship: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006418 name: ear peduncle namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A peduncle of a maize ear, below the lowest ear node." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "pedúnculo de la espiga (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "shank" RELATED [] synonym: "Zea lateral branch" RELATED [] synonym: "雌穂花柄 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009053 ! peduncle relationship: part_of PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0006503 name: fruit abscission zone namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An abscission zone (PO:0000146) at the base of a fruit (PO:0009001) where the fruit separates from the fruit pedicel (PO:0004536) during fruit abscission (GO:0060867)." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Laurel_Cooper] subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "zona de absición del fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "落果実 (fruit shedding zone) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: GO:0060867 xref: OBO_SF2_PO:193 is_a: PO:0000146 ! abscission zone relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0006505 name: central spike of ear inflorescence namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104) that is the central axis of an ear inflorescence (PO:0020136)." [POC:curators] comment: Zea cob is different from the cob inflorescence found in Sorghum. subset: Maize synonym: "ear rachis" RELATED [] synonym: "espiga central de la espiga de la inflorescencia (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "Zea cob" RELATED [] synonym: "雌穂（花）中央の穂 (Japanese) " EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3611295 is_a: PO:0025104 ! first order inflorescence axis relationship: part_of PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0007003 name: IL.03 full inflorescence length reached stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "An inflorescence detectable phase during which an inflorescence has reached at its full length." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar, POC:Ramona_Walls] comment: This phase can only be used if the final length of the inflorescence is known. subset: Maize synonym: "3.4 late vegetative (maize)" NARROW [PO_REF:00002] synonym: "4.04 full inflorescence length reached in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000070] synonym: "VT (maize)" NARROW [PO_REF:00002] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3357762 is_a: PO:0007047 ! whole plant inflorescence detectable stage [Term] id: PO:0007005 name: IL.02 1/2 inflorescence length reached stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "An inflorescence detectable phase during which an inflorescence has reached at least one half of its full length, but has not yet reached its full length." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar, POC:Ramona_Walls] comment: This phase can only be used if the final length of the inflorescence is known. subset: Maize synonym: "4.03 1/2 of inflorescence length reached in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000069] is_a: PO:0007047 ! whole plant inflorescence detectable stage [Term] id: PO:0007006 name: IL.00 inflorescence just visible stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "An inflorescence detectable phase during which an inflorescence is just visible, but has not yet reach one quarter of its full length." [POC:curators] comment: Includes the time when the inflorescence can be seen by removing outer leaves or bracts, or when the inflorescence is visible as a swelling of the outer leaves or bracts, such as booting in Zea. This phase can only be used if the final length of the inflorescence is known. subset: Maize synonym: "4.01 Inflorescence just visible in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000067] synonym: "visible flower buds in Arabidopsis" RELATED [TAIR:0000420] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:372 is_a: PO:0007047 ! whole plant inflorescence detectable stage [Term] id: PO:0007010 name: whole plant fruit ripening stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A whole plant fruit development stage (PO:0025500) that begins when the first fruit (PO:0009001) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) begins the process of ripening (GO:0009835) in a way which, in case there are other fruits, the majority of the other fruits start to ripen continuously therewith, and ends with earliest of the following: (1) the whole plant begins a sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017), (2) the whole plant begins a sporophyte dormant stage (PO:0007132), or (3) all fruits on the whole plant are finished ripening." [Poc:curators] comment: Succeeds a whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042). This term is to be used for a stage of development of a whole plant. For the stages of development of an individual fruit, see fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502). Although individual fruits are undergoing fruit ripening (GO:0009835), which is a type of senescence, during this stage, the whole plant is not yet undergoing multicelluar organism senescence (GO:0010259). An iteroparous species generally will have only one fruit ripening stage in its life, while a semelparous species may have multiple fruit ripening stage in its life. A whole plant fruit ripening stage may be followed by a sporophyte senescent stage, as in case (1) or by a sporophyte dormant stage (PO:0007132), as in case (2). In evergreen species and species that fruit multiple times during a growing season, a plant may have multiple fruit development stages without entering dormancy or senescence, as in case (3). In plants with continuous (i.e., indeterminate) fruit development (GO:0010154), new fruits may continue to develop after the first fruit has begun to ripen and the whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042) has ended. In some plants, fruit may continue to ripen after the whole plant has entered a sporophyte dormant stage or sporophyte senescent stage and left the whole plant fruit ripening stage. Some plants may never enter a whole plant fruit ripening stage, because fruits only begin to ripen after the plant has entered a sporophyte dormant stage or sporophyte senescent stage. Although the use of synonyms like "10-dough stage in sorghum" properly refer to the development of an individual fruit, they are used as here to extrapolate to a whole plant. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "08-dough stage in rice" RELATED [GRO:0007042] synonym: "09-dough development in barley" RELATED [GRO:0007110] synonym: "09-dough development in oat" RELATED [GRO:0007110] synonym: "09-dough development in wheat" RELATED [GRO:0007110] synonym: "10-dough stage in sorghum" RELATED [GRO:0007132] synonym: "6 ripening in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000046] synonym: "8 Bean Development in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000078] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 8" RELATED [] synonym: "dough stage" RELATED [GRO:0007132] synonym: "dough stage in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67379] synonym: "dough stage kernels yellowish, about 55% dry matter" RELATED [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "fruit maturity" RELATED [] synonym: "fruit ripening" RELATED [] synonym: "kernel ripening" RELATED [] synonym: "maturity of fruit and seed" RELATED [] synonym: "rice growth stage-8" RELATED [] synonym: "silique ripening in Arabidopsis" RELATED [TAIR:0000034] is_a: PO:0025500 ! whole plant fruit development stage [Term] id: PO:0007016 name: whole plant flowering stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A sporophyte reproductive stage (PO:0007130) during which a flower (PO:0009046) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) is open." [POC:curators] comment: This term is to be used for a stage of development of a whole plant. For the stages of development of an individual flower, see flower development stage (PO:0007615). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Bryophytes subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Musa subset: Poaceae subset: Potato subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "07-anthesis in barley" RELATED [GRO:0007101] synonym: "07-anthesis in oat" RELATED [GRO:0007101] synonym: "07-anthesis in wheat" RELATED [GRO:0007101] synonym: "09-flowering in sorghum" RELATED [GRO:0007153] synonym: "4 flowering in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000034] synonym: "5 flowering in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:13811] synonym: "5.01-anthesis in maize " RELATED [GRO:0007021] synonym: "5.02-silking in maize" RELATED [GRO:0007022] synonym: "5.1 anthesis in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "5.2 silking in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67362] synonym: "6 Flowering in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000006] synonym: "6.1-flowering stage in rice" RELATED [GRO:0007151] synonym: "anthesis in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "anthesis stage" RELATED [GRO:0007151] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 6" RELATED [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "flowering in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:13811] synonym: "pollen shed in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "R1 in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67362] synonym: "rice growth stage-6.1" RELATED [GRO:0007151] synonym: "silk emergence in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67362] synonym: "sorghum growth stage 8" RELATED [GRO:0007153] synonym: "VT in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67361] xref: OBO-SF2_PO:499 is_a: PO:0007130 ! sporophyte reproductive stage [Term] id: PO:0007024 name: FL.04 end of flowering stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "The stage at which flowering is complete." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Musa subset: Poaceae subset: Potato subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "6.09 End of flowering in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000076] synonym: "7.03-anthesis completed in barley" RELATED [GRO:0007104] synonym: "7.03-anthesis completed in oat" RELATED [GRO:0007104] synonym: "7.03-anthesis completed in wheat" RELATED [GRO:0007104] synonym: "anthesis completed" RELATED [] synonym: "FL.04 end of flowering in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000039] synonym: "flowering complete" RELATED [] synonym: "fruit set visible" RELATED [] synonym: "late reproductive" RELATED [] synonym: "Zadok scale-69, Haun scale-11.6" RELATED [GRO:0007104] is_a: PO:0007016 ! whole plant flowering stage [Term] id: PO:0007026 name: FL.00 first flower(s) open stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "The stage at which the first flower(s) open." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] comment: These first flowers are not necessarily the oldest flowers in the inflorescence. In some cereal plants the flowering starts in the middle of the inflorescence. This stage refers to the whole plant. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Potato subset: Rice synonym: "6.00 1st flowers on main stem open in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000072] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in barley" RELATED [GRO:0007102] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in oat" RELATED [GRO:0007102] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in Triticeae" RELATED [GRO:0007102] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in wheat" RELATED [GRO:0007102] synonym: "first open flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [TAIR:0000421] synonym: "FL.00 first flower(s) open in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000035] synonym: "Stage R1 Open flower at any node on the main stem" RELATED [SOY:0000072] is_a: PO:0007016 ! whole plant flowering stage [Term] id: PO:0007034 name: FL.01 1/4 of flowers open stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "The stage at which 1/4 of flowers open." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. subset: Maize synonym: "6.02 1/4 of flowers on the main stem open in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000073] synonym: "FL.01 1/4 of flowers open in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000036] is_a: PO:0007016 ! whole plant flowering stage [Term] id: PO:0007042 name: whole plant fruit formation stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A whole plant fruit development stage (PO:0025500) that begins when a fruit (PO:0009001) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) that is not currently participating in a whole plant fruit development stage begins a fruit initiation stage (PO:0025503) and ends with the onset of a whole plant fruit ripening stage (PO:0007010)." [Poc:curators] comment: This term is to be used for a stage of development of a whole plant (PO:0000003). For the stages of development of an individual fruit, see fruit development stage (PO:0001002). An iteroparous plant will only have one fruit formation stage in its life, while a semelparous plant may have multiple whole plant fruit formation stages during its life. In plants with continuous (i.e., indeterminate) fruit development (GO:0010154), new fruits may continue to develop after the first fruit has begun to ripen and the fruit ripening stage of whole plant (PO:0007042) has begun. Although the use of synonyms like "07-milk stage in rice" properly refer to the development of an individual fruits, they are used as here to extrapolate to a whole plant. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "07-milk stage in rice" RELATED [GRO:0007046] synonym: "08-milk development in barley" RELATED [GRO:0007105] synonym: "08-milk development in oat" RELATED [GRO:0007105] synonym: "08-milk development in wheat" RELATED [GRO:0007105] synonym: "5 fruit formation in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000040] synonym: "6.01-dilatory in maize" RELATED [GRO:0007026] synonym: "6.02-exponential in maize" RELATED [GRO:0007027] synonym: "6.1 dilatory in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "6.2 exponential in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "dilatory in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "exponential in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "free nuclear in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "milk grain" RELATED [] synonym: "milk stage in rice" RELATED [GRO:0007046] synonym: "mitotic in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "proembryo in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "rice growth stage-7" RELATED [GRO:0007046] synonym: "transition stage in maize" RELATED [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "Zadok scale-70" RELATED [GRO:0007105] is_a: PO:0025500 ! whole plant fruit development stage [Term] id: PO:0007046 name: IL.01 1/4 inflorescence length reached stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "An inflorescence detectable phase during which an inflorescence has reached at least one quarter of its full length, but has not yet reached one half of its full length." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar, POC:Ramona_Walls] comment: This phase can only be used if the final length of the inflorescence is known. subset: Maize synonym: "4.02 1/4 of inflorescence length reached in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000068] is_a: PO:0007047 ! whole plant inflorescence detectable stage [Term] id: PO:0007047 name: whole plant inflorescence detectable stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage alt_id: PO:0007012 def: "A reproductive growth stage during which an inflorescence is detectable." [MaizeGDB:Mary_Schaeffer, POC:curators] comment: This includes the stage when an inflorescence starts to develop (and is detectable only by assay or with a microscope), to the stage where it is visible to the naked eye. This includes the booting stage in the grasses (Poaceae). There is no one-to-one correspondence between some of the phases of inflorescence formation in members of Poaceae (e.g., booting) with that of other families. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "3 inflorescence visible" RELATED [] synonym: "3 inflorescence visible in Solanaceae" NARROW [SGN:0000033] synonym: "4 Inflorescence Formation in soybean" NARROW [SOY:0000005] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 4" RELATED [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 5" RELATED [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Poaceae inflorescence visible" NARROW [] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3324099 is_a: PO:0007130 ! sporophyte reproductive stage [Term] id: PO:0007052 name: FL.03 3/4 of flowers open stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "The stage at which 3/4 of flowers open." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "6.02 3/4 of flowers on main stem open in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000074] synonym: "FL.03 3/4 of flowers open in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000038] synonym: "flowering finishing" RELATED [] synonym: "Stage R2 Open flower at one of the two uppermost nodes on the main stem with fully developed leaf in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000074] is_a: PO:0007016 ! whole plant flowering stage [Term] id: PO:0007053 name: FL.02 1/2 of flowers open stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "The stage at which 1/2 of flowers open." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "6.02 1/2 of flowers on main stem open in soybean" RELATED [SOY:0000094] synonym: "7.02-anthesis half-way in barley" RELATED [GRO:0007103] synonym: "7.02-anthesis half-way in oat" RELATED [GRO:0007103] synonym: "7.02-anthesis half-way in wheat" RELATED [GRO:0007103] synonym: "FL.02 1/2 of flowers open in Solanaceae" RELATED [SGN:0000037] synonym: "full flowering" RELATED [] synonym: "Haun scale-11.5" RELATED [GRO:0007103] is_a: PO:0007016 ! whole plant flowering stage [Term] id: PO:0007616 name: flowering stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage alt_id: PO:0007617 def: "A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that begins when pollen (PO:0025281) is released by anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) and/or the stigma (PO:0009073) is receptive and ends with the process of pollination (GO:0009856) and/or floral organ senescence (GO:0080187)." [PMID:2152125, POC:curators, POC:Laurel_Cooper] comment: In most species, flowering stage (anthesis) is when the flower is open and ends with pollination. During this stage, the process of anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) usually occurs, defined as the dehiscence of an anther to release the pollen grains contained within it. This term applies to an individual flower (PO:000904). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Gymnosperms subset: Maize subset: Musa subset: Poaceae subset: Potato subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "anthesis stage" NARROW [] synonym: "post anthesis stage" NARROW [] synonym: "stage 13 flower in Arabidopsis " RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 14 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 15 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 16 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] synonym: "stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis" RELATED [PMID:2152125] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:551 is_a: PO:0007615 ! flower development stage relationship: preceded_by PO:0025585 ! floral organ formation stage [Term] id: PO:0007631 name: plant embryo development stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage alt_id: PO:0007020 def: "A sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134) that occurs during the interval between the first cell division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) and one of the following: the beginning of the seed germination stage (PO:0007057) in seed plants, formation of the first vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in pteridophytes, the beginning of development of a sporangium (PO:0025094) in bryophytes, or the beginning of the formation of a plant organ (PO:0009008) such as a root (PO:0009005), shoot axis (PO:0025029), or vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in a cultured plant embryo (PO:0000010)." [POC:curators, POC:Laurel_Cooper] comment: Succeeds a plant zygote stage (PO:0001097). The plant embryo stage generally starts after the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423), but in the case of a nucellar (adventitious) plant embryo (PO:0004537), somatic plant embryo (PO:0025302), microspore-derived cultured plant embryo (PO:0025305), and other embryos that arise through apogamy, it begins after the division of a single cell that is not a zygote. The end of the embryo stage varies among taxa. No plant species undergoes all of the sub-stages of plant embryo development stage listed here. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Rice synonym: "embryo development stage" RELATED [] synonym: "embryo stage" BROAD [] synonym: "embryonic in Arabidopsis" RELATED [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:400 is_a: PO:0007134 ! sporophyte vegetative stage [Term] id: PO:0008001 name: fruit distal end namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025498) that is the end of a fruit (PO:0009001) distal from a fruit pedicel (PO:0004536)." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar, SGN:Naama_Menda] subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize subset: Tomato synonym: "blossom end" RELATED [] synonym: "porción distal del fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "果実 遠位端 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:70 is_a: PO:0025498 ! cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0008003 name: fruit vascular system namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A vascular system that includes the totality of the portions of vascular tissue in their specific arrangement in a fruit." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "sistema vascular del fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "果実維管 系 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0000034 ! vascular system relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0008005 name: fruit nucellus namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A nucellus that is part of a fruit." [GR:Anuradha_Pujar] subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "nucelo del fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "果実珠心 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:448 xref: OBO_SF2_PO:49 is_a: PO:0020020 ! nucellus intersection_of: PO:0020020 ! nucellus intersection_of: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0008018 name: transition vascular leaf namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A vascular leaf that is part of an heteroblastic series, and is characterized by anatomical features that are intermediate between juvenile and adult leaves." [GR:Chih-Wei_Tung] comment: Many species have juvenile leaves at the base of the stem, adult leaves at the apex, and transition leaves in between. In maize, juvenile leaves are at the tip of the stalk (stem), which differentiates first, with adult leaves at the base, while other grasses may have other arrangements. Transition leaves may have mosaics of juvenile and adult tissues, as in Brachypodium. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "hoja de transición (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "維管束植物の幼葉と成熟葉の移行期の葉 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3324058 is_a: PO:0009025 ! vascular leaf [Term] id: PO:0009001 name: fruit namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0020067 alt_id: PO:0020068 alt_id: PO:0020069 alt_id: PO:0020070 alt_id: PO:0020071 alt_id: PO:0020072 alt_id: PO:0020073 alt_id: PO:0020074 alt_id: PO:0020076 alt_id: PO:0020077 alt_id: PO:0020078 alt_id: PO:0020079 alt_id: PO:0020080 alt_id: PO:0020082 alt_id: PO:0020083 alt_id: PO:0020087 alt_id: PO:0020107 def: "A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062) and may have as parts one or more seeds (PO:0009010)." [POC:curators] comment: A fruit may contain additional plant structures (PO:0009011) that were part of a flower (PO:0009046) and mature along with the gynoecium, such as a receptacle (PO:0009064). A fruit may develop without fertilization in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions and may not always contain seeds. Fruits only occur in angiosperms. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: TraitNet synonym: "accessory fruit" NARROW [FNA:dd7046cb-21f6-4631-b5a6-1aa46e149660] synonym: "achene" NARROW [] synonym: "acorn" NARROW [FNA:dd455c86-ec50-45e3-81f8-3bcc5ad83bd7] synonym: "aggregate fruit" NARROW [FNA:853ed939-84ea-424c-9fbe-88e2c0dff4ff] synonym: "akene" NARROW [FNA:36a56913-88e9-4d72-8205-0ea14a215ae6] synonym: "anthocarp" NARROW [FNA:93db5e86-9dd3-43b5-9389-3f8a3308ce15] synonym: "berry" NARROW [] synonym: "capsule" NARROW [] synonym: "caryopsides" NARROW Plural [FNA:db69b5da-dc9d-4990-a77b-b8ce8d70a74b] synonym: "caryopsis" NARROW [] synonym: "circumcissile capsule" NARROW [] synonym: "citrus fruit" NARROW [FNA:6d21b6d9-25d9-4206-b285-a79b3b4fe432] synonym: "coenocarp" NARROW [FNA:c13b1312-1cc5-4ace-98e2-fde12aec09da] synonym: "cypsela" NARROW Plural [FNA:b15611f1-7317-4598-b03c-d265b2437d06] synonym: "diaspore" BROAD [] synonym: "diclesia" NARROW Plural [FNA:f1b9229b-956e-4df1-a0ac-399b813bc534] synonym: "diclesium" NARROW [FNA:6ea25ab3-8a28-459d-9a97-26c849c31c1c] synonym: "diplotegia" NARROW Plural [FNA:f6900203-e2b1-4a60-8ac8-e740dda1e569] synonym: "diplotegium" NARROW [FNA:9a9b72d6-d703-43c4-92d9-f3e69345ecdb] synonym: "drupe" NARROW [FNA:355c3900-0afb-4b22-b78f-4cf4819a5122] synonym: "folliceta" NARROW Plural [FNA:5ab8ba51-688c-4168-b7b6-12219243a111] synonym: "follicetum" NARROW [FNA:7dcf2c80-ac86-43d1-a229-29f6166494e8] synonym: "follicle" NARROW [] synonym: "fruit" NARROW [FNA:cbc8af47-46a0-496b-a9fc-678f071dcae8] synonym: "fruto (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "glandes" NARROW Plural [FNA:f587085c-d589-42bc-86f0-4b2af856e18a] synonym: "glans" NARROW [FNA:749e1660-c475-427c-ac49-c8b5667e573e] synonym: "grain" NARROW [] synonym: "hesperidia" NARROW Plural [FNA:0901d9fe-db80-42f9-963b-12ec2615901a] synonym: "hesperidium" NARROW [FNA:cdf9d9e2-d683-488b-a620-73daa15b7c25] synonym: "hip" NARROW [FNA:cbf08b9f-834a-497d-b46e-cef14fdbfc0c] synonym: "kernel" NARROW [] synonym: "legume" NARROW [] synonym: "loculicidal capsule" NARROW [] synonym: "loment" NARROW [FNA:9e376fd5-ac74-4319-9b28-5ddfb1c5141b] synonym: "lomentum" NARROW [] synonym: "multiple fruit" NARROW [FNA:bf3f5da4-5b0b-4fa7-a8cd-112f4c8b06f8] synonym: "nut" NARROW [] synonym: "nutlet" NARROW [FNA:dbfe371e-f400-4cb5-bbc0-b457ab1e10a1] synonym: "pepo" NARROW [FNA:149ac152-f1fc-47d5-82e2-eeee7eadfc86] synonym: "pod" NARROW [] synonym: "pome" NARROW [] synonym: "poricidal capsule" NARROW [] synonym: "pyxides" NARROW Plural [FNA:ab71ef94-a2f8-4441-9ede-f0a7da00c624] synonym: "pyxis" NARROW [FNA:9abb3dc4-5ac5-4492-a373-a7a4c5e37146] synonym: "samara" NARROW [FNA:b92ee2bf-9f99-4864-b1c5-5724ab76d749] synonym: "schizocarp" NARROW [] synonym: "septicidal capsule" NARROW [] synonym: "septifragal capsule" NARROW [] synonym: "silicle" NARROW [FNA:8f7b5172-d7ed-4a04-b148-04b400ca4162] synonym: "silicula" NARROW [] synonym: "siliqua" NARROW [] synonym: "silique" NARROW [] synonym: "stone fruit" NARROW [FNA:f8912e6a-2433-49c6-ae5e-f61769754bcf] synonym: "syconia" NARROW Plural [FNA:a392c33c-1238-4317-a392-92a52ed22faf] synonym: "syconium" NARROW [FNA:0179251b-9896-4974-abf5-6da4b92588bd] synonym: "syncarp" NARROW [FNA:67fa41ae-b735-4d89-b5db-7631b873ef7a] synonym: "utricle" NARROW [FNA:79dd979c-c3e8-4197-bf22-cd14b8932901] synonym: "果実 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:2972169 is_a: PO:0025496 ! multi-tissue plant structure relationship: develops_from PO:0009062 ! gynoecium [Term] id: PO:0009005 name: root namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0003006 def: "A plant axis (PO:0025004) that lacks shoot axis nodes (PO:0005004), grows indeterminately, and is usually positively geotropic." [ISBN:978-0879015329, ISBN:9780964022157, POC:curators, POC:Laurel_Cooper] comment: Roots function in the absorption of water and inorganic nutrients, anchoring the plant body to the ground, and supporting it, storage of food and nutrients, and vegetative reproduction. The roots of most vascular plant species enter into symbiosis with soil-borne microorganisms. Roots are usually found underground, although there are many exceptions, such as the aerial roots of orchids. Roots often form secondary thickening from the root lateral meristem (PO:0006308). Commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the plant body, along with the shoot axis (PO:0025029) and leaves (PO:0025034). subset: Angiosperm subset: Gymnosperms subset: Maize subset: Musa subset: Potato subset: reference subset: Rice subset: Tomato subset: TraitNet synonym: "aerial root" NARROW [] synonym: "climbing root" NARROW [FNA:bf0ce902-e91c-401a-92a8-26b20142ce5f] synonym: "raíz (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "radices" EXACT Plural [FNA:3c46e84c-23e4-416b-91cd-2f7c42e4b13d] synonym: "radix" EXACT [FNA:e6315684-fc99-4976-b39d-b356c4b7e7fd] synonym: "根 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:578 is_a: PO:0025004 ! plant axis relationship: develops_from PO:0005029 ! root primordium relationship: part_of PO:0025025 ! root system [Term] id: PO:0009010 name: seed namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a plant ovule (PO:0020003) and has as parts a plant embryo (PO:0009009) enclosed in a seed coat (PO:0009088)." [POC:curators] comment: A seed generally develops from an ovule (PO:0020003) after fertilization, but may develop without fertilization in the case of apogamy (e.g., adventitious embryos or somatic embryos). A seed is a reproductive unit of seed plants (gymnosperms, angiosperms, and fossil pteridosperms). subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Gymnosperms subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: Tomato subset: TraitNet synonym: "diaspore" BROAD [] synonym: "pyrene" NARROW [FNA:f5c50e73-61e3-48ec-b918-6f85b3f40738] synonym: "semilla (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "種子 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3458354 is_a: PO:0025496 ! multi-tissue plant structure relationship: develops_from PO:0020003 ! plant ovule relationship: has_part PO:0009009 ! plant embryo [Term] id: PO:0009025 name: vascular leaf namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A leaf (PO:0025034) in a vascular plant." [POC:curators] comment: Has vascular tissue. From APweb Glossary: In angiosperms, commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the seed plant body, a structure usually of determinate growth, without secondary thickening, and of superficial origin, often flattened and photosynthetic in part, and in the axil of which is found a bud. Occurs in the sporophytic phase of a plant life cycle. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Gymnosperms subset: Maize subset: Musa subset: Potato subset: Pteridophytes subset: reference subset: Rice subset: Tomato subset: TraitNet synonym: "ascidia" NARROW [FNA:06544712-db97-4208-b188-c4b756a53c72] synonym: "ascidium" NARROW [FNA:a97f1513-7684-49d4-92f5-934d1c8b3e1c] synonym: "crozier" RELATED [FNA:87e7efa9-89d7-4249-be74-bc22a0466a05] synonym: "fiddlehead" NARROW [FNA:d894ba18-4523-484c-abab-26d1cac75bc4] synonym: "foliage leaf" EXACT [] synonym: "frond" NARROW [] synonym: "hoja vascular (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "leaf, vascular" EXACT [] synonym: "macrophyll" RELATED [FNA:c1142d9b-c42a-45e1-93ac-9cbe9575321e] synonym: "megaphyll" RELATED [FNA:c26c826a-30d6-494e-a2f1-05540465c9fc] synonym: "needle-like leaf" NARROW [] synonym: "pitcher" NARROW [FNA:30d8bef3-ad1a-44ed-a995-24c3e342aefd] synonym: "pitcher blade" NARROW [FNA:d3928bf3-1d8a-4fe5-a728-95c13c3a0f90] synonym: "pitcher-blade" NARROW [FNA:30c47c20-f459-4518-8657-feed7eb92fe4] synonym: "scale-like leaf" NARROW [] synonym: "sterile frond" NARROW [FNA:a4dc40f4-92f9-4ba5-b616-a84564f63fed] synonym: "trophophyll" NARROW [FNA:8654d268-1e4c-4edf-b937-82a965b4edef] synonym: "vascular leaves" EXACT Plural [FNA:c7d9d167-4121-43b0-b2fe-bb1ae9d6d3a6] synonym: "維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:137 is_a: PO:0025034 ! leaf relationship: develops_from PO:0000017 ! vascular leaf primordium relationship: participates_in PO:0028002 ! sporophyte development stage [Term] id: PO:0009037 name: lemma namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0006356 alt_id: PO:0006363 alt_id: PO:0006395 alt_id: PO:0006397 alt_id: PO:0006407 alt_id: PO:0006409 alt_id: PO:0006431 alt_id: PO:0006432 alt_id: PO:0006433 alt_id: PO:0006434 def: "A flower bract (PO:0009034) that is the lower of the two bracts (PO:0009055) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret." [APweb:Glossary, POC:curators, POC:Laurel_Cooper] comment: A lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) enclose an individual spikelet floret (PO:0009082). The lemma is usually the larger of the two. Since it is not clear what the lemma and palea correspond to in conventional flowers, no assumptions of homology are made. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea species an annotation can also be made to the more specific floret type, if known. Choose the most specific term possible from: ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). Found in Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: reference synonym: "lemma (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "lemma del florete del penacho (borla) o de la espiga (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "lemma of ear floret" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of tassel floret" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "lemma of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel" NARROW [] synonym: "lemmas" EXACT Plural [FNA:95b70500-2969-4d99-801e-9367ba2db50e] synonym: "lemmata" EXACT Plural [FNA:874598c1-dd20-4ab3-ac36-3180873df1bc] synonym: "外頴 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:381 xref: OBO_SF_PO:3400245 is_a: PO:0009034 ! flower bract relationship: part_of PO:0009082 ! spikelet floret [Term] id: PO:0009061 name: androecium namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0006355 alt_id: PO:0006366 alt_id: PO:0006383 alt_id: PO:0006392 alt_id: PO:0006393 alt_id: PO:0006405 alt_id: PO:0006406 alt_id: PO:0006419 alt_id: PO:0006420 alt_id: PO:0006421 alt_id: PO:0006422 alt_id: PO:0006471 def: "A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046)." [POC:curators] comment: The androecium also has as parts any staminodes (PO:0009077) that may be present in a flower. If annotating gene expression to an androecium with a single stamen (PO:0009029), the annotation should go on stamen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). The development of an androecium in an ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state, while the development of an androecium in a tassel floret leads to a functional androecium. subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: reference subset: TraitNet synonym: "androecia" EXACT Plural [FNA:522936d3-a948-44f3-b9dc-634e0d190f6f] synonym: "androecio (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "androecium column" NARROW [FNA:e0f4d402-3489-4a58-81bf-0fa5119a4db5] synonym: "androecium of ear floret" NARROW [] synonym: "androecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel" NARROW [] synonym: "androecium of tassel floret" EXACT [] synonym: "androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel" EXACT [] synonym: "androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear" NARROW [] synonym: "androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel" NARROW [] synonym: "Poaceae androecium" NARROW [] synonym: "Zea androecium" NARROW [] synonym: "雄蕊群 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:2971891 xref: OBO_SF_PO:2988258 is_a: PO:0025023 ! collective phyllome structure relationship: develops_from PO:0025478 ! androecium primordium relationship: part_of PO:0009046 ! flower [Term] id: PO:0009072 name: plant ovary namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0006456 alt_id: PO:0006486 def: "A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is the basal portion of a carpel (PO:0009030) or group of fused carpels and encloses the plant ovule(s) (PO:0020003)." [APweb:Glossary, TAIR:Leonore_Reiser] comment: If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352). subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize subset: reference subset: TraitNet synonym: "ovario vegetal (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "Poaceae ovary" NARROW [] synonym: "Zea ovary" NARROW [] synonym: "子房 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:280 xref: OBO_SF2_PO:70 is_a: PO:0009011 ! plant structure relationship: part_of PO:0009062 ! gynoecium [Term] id: PO:0009084 name: pericarp namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is the outer layer (wall) of a fruit (PO:0009001), and develops from a plant ovary (PO:0009072) or a carpel (PO:0009030) wall." [APweb:Glossary, GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, TAIR:Leonore_Reiser] comment: May be fleshy in fruits such as grape. subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "fruit peel" RELATED [] synonym: "fruit rind" RELATED [] synonym: "pericarpo (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "portion of pericarp tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "果皮 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3581197 is_a: PO:0009007 ! portion of plant tissue relationship: part_of PO:0009001 ! fruit [Term] id: PO:0009086 name: endocarp namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0006047 def: "A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is the innermost differentiated layer of a pericarp (PO:0009084)." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Arabidopsis subset: Citrus subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "citrus flesh" RELATED [] synonym: "citrus pulp" RELATED [] synonym: "endocarpo (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "inner epidermis of pericarp" RELATED [] synonym: "portion of endocarp tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "内果皮 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3581197 is_a: PO:0009007 ! portion of plant tissue relationship: part_of PO:0009084 ! pericarp [Term] id: PO:0009101 name: long lateral tassel branch namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The long branch that arise from the central spike of tassel in maize." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, MaizeGDB:lv] subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "ramificación lateral larga del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "second order tassel branch" RELATED [] synonym: "雄穂の長側枝 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006323 ! tassel inflorescence branch relationship: develops_from PO:0009104 ! long lateral tassel branch meristem [Term] id: PO:0009102 name: short tassel branch namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The very short branch that may arise from either or both the long lateral branch and the central spike of tassel in maize." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, MaizeGDB:lv] subset: Maize synonym: "ramificación corta del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "third order tassel branch" RELATED [] synonym: "雄穂短枝 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006323 ! tassel inflorescence branch relationship: develops_from PO:0009103 ! short tassel branch meristem [Term] id: PO:0009103 name: short tassel branch meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The meristem present on either or both the long lateral branch and central spike of a maize tassel that gives rise to short tassel branch." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, MaizeGDB:lv] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema de la ramificación corta del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "short branch meristem" RELATED [] synonym: "third order tassel branch meristem" RELATED [] synonym: "雄穂短枝分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009107 ! tassel inflorescence branch meristem relationship: part_of PO:0006324 ! central spike of tassel inflorescence relationship: part_of PO:0009101 ! long lateral tassel branch [Term] id: PO:0009104 name: long lateral tassel branch meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The meristem that gives rise to the long lateral branch in the maize tassel." [MaizeGDB:lv] subset: Maize synonym: "long lateral branch meristem" RELATED [] synonym: "meristema de la ramificación larga del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "second order tassel branch meristem" RELATED [] synonym: "雄穂の長側枝の分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0009107 ! tassel inflorescence branch meristem relationship: part_of PO:0006324 ! central spike of tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0009106 name: tassel meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "Meristem that gives rise to the apical and lateral structures of the tassel inflorescence in maize." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0000230 ! inflorescence meristem intersection_of: PO:0000230 ! inflorescence meristem intersection_of: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence relationship: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0009107 name: tassel inflorescence branch meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An inflorescence branch meristem (PO:0009105) that gives rise to the long lateral tassel branch (PO:0009101), short tassel branch (PO:0009102), and tassel spikelets (PO:0006309) in a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126)." [MaizeGDB:lv, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema lateral del penacho (borla) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂側分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:437 is_a: PO:0009105 ! inflorescence branch meristem relationship: part_of PO:0020126 ! tassel inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0009109 name: ear meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The meristem which gives rise to the female inflorescence or ear in maize." [MaizeGDB:lv] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema de la espiga (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0000230 ! inflorescence meristem intersection_of: PO:0000230 ! inflorescence meristem intersection_of: part_of PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence relationship: part_of PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0009110 name: ear inflorescence branch meristem namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An inflorescence branch meristem (PO:0009105) that gives rise to a branch of an ear inflorescence (PO:0020136)." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal, POC:Ramona_Walls] subset: Maize synonym: "meristema de la espiga lateral (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂側分裂組織 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBOS_SF_PO:3481640 is_a: PO:0009105 ! inflorescence branch meristem relationship: part_of PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0020103 name: flag leaf namespace: plant_anatomy def: "The last mature leaf before the inflorescence in a cereal crop plant." [GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal] subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize synonym: "hoja en bandera (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "止葉（boot leaf) (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0006340 ! adult vascular leaf [Term] id: PO:0020121 name: lateral root namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A root (PO:0009005) that develops from a lateral root primordium (PO:0000016) that is part of another root on the same plant." [ISBN:0521288959, ISRR:Richard_Zobel, POC:curators] comment: A lateral root primordium may develops on any root, including a primary root (PO:0020127), on an existing lateral root (PO:0020121), or a shoot-borne root (PO:0000042). In seed plants, a lateral root primordium generally develops from pericycle cells (PO:0025261), but cells of an endodermis (PO:0000252) may also participate in its formation in some species. In ferns, lateral root primordia develop from the endodermis. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Gymnosperms subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Potato subset: Rice subset: Tomato synonym: "raíz lateral (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "側根 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3524773 is_a: PO:0009005 ! root relationship: develops_from PO:0000016 ! lateral root primordium [Term] id: PO:0020124 name: root stele namespace: plant_anatomy alt_id: PO:0003012 def: "A stele (PO:0025197) that is part of a root (PO:0009005)." [POC:Laurel_Cooper, POC:Ramona_Walls] comment: Includes the pericycle as the outermost layer of the stele. subset: Maize subset: reference subset: TraitNet synonym: "estela de la raíz (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "root vascular cylinder" RELATED [] synonym: "根中心柱 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:177 is_a: PO:0025197 ! stele relationship: part_of PO:0009005 ! root [Term] id: PO:0020126 name: tassel inflorescence namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A staminate inflorescence (PO:0025601) in Zea species that bears the tassel spikelet (PO:0006309) on a terminal inflorescence axis (PO:0020122)." [MaizeGDB:lv, POC:Laurel_Cooper] comment: Branched inflorescence with a central axis and about 10-50 lateral branches. subset: Maize subset: reference synonym: "penacho de la inflorescencia (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雄穂（花） (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:537 is_a: PO:0025601 ! staminate inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0020136 name: ear inflorescence namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A pistillate inflorescence (PO:0025598) in Zea species that is highly compacted and bears the ear spikelets (PO:0006320) on a lateral inflorescence axis (PO:0020122)." [MaizeGDB:lv, POC:Laurel_Cooper] subset: Maize subset: reference synonym: "cob" RELATED [] synonym: "ear" EXACT [] synonym: "oreja de la inflorescencia (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "雌穂（花） (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:536 xref: OBO_SF_PO:3611295 is_a: PO:0025598 ! pistillate inflorescence [Term] id: PO:0025029 name: shoot axis namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006)." [POC:curators] comment: Often bears leaves and branches. In vascular plants, has at least one node and one internode. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice subset: TraitNet synonym: "caullome" EXACT [] synonym: "eje del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish)" EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] synonym: "shoot" RELATED [] synonym: "シュート軸 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] is_a: PO:0025004 ! plant axis relationship: part_of PO:0009006 ! shoot system created_by: rwalls creation_date: 2010-07-01T03:46:35Z [Term] id: PO:0025377 name: plant embryo dormant stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A sporophyte dormant stage during which a plant embryo participates in a dormancy process." [GO:0022611, POC:curators] comment: A dormancy process (GO:0022611) is a developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. In seed plants, a plant embryo dormant stage may be part of a seed dormant stage. subset: Angiosperm subset: Arabidopsis subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "embryo dormant stage" BROAD [] synonym: "植物胚休眠期 (Japanese)" EXACT Japanese [NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki] xref: OBO_SF_PO:3469817 is_a: PO:0001081 ! mature plant embryo stage is_a: PO:0007132 ! sporophyte dormant stage relationship: has_participant PO:0009009 ! plant embryo created_by: rwalls creation_date: 2012-01-05T10:50:10Z [Term] id: PO:0025500 name: whole plant fruit development stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A sporophyte reproductive stage that begins when a fruit (PO:0009001) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) that is not currently participating in a whole plant fruit development stage begins a fruit initiation stage (PO:0025503), and ends with the earliest of the following: (1) the whole plant begins a sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017), (2) the whole plant begins a sporophyte dormant stage (PO:0007132), or (3) all fruits on the whole plant are finished ripening." [POC:curators] comment: A whole plant fruit development stage begins with the beginning of whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042) and ends with the end of a whole plant fruit ripening stage (PO:0007010). A whole plant fruit development stage can be thought of as a fruiting cycle for a whole plant that begins when the plant starts to produce fruit and ends when all of the fruit on the plant are ripe, unless the plant enters a sporophyte senescent stage or sporophyte dormant stage before all the fruit is ripe. An iteroparous plant will have a single whole plant fruit development stage during its life of whole plant (PO:0025337), while a semelparous plant may have multiple whole plant fruit development stages during its life, each of which will be part of the same instance of a sporophyte reproductive stage. Some plants retain their fruit after ripening and through dormancy, and thus may begin a new whole fruit development stage while fruits from the previous whole plant fruit development stage are still present. subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize xref: OBO-SF2_PO:502 xref: OBO_SF_PO:3574905 is_a: PO:0007130 ! sporophyte reproductive stage created_by: rwalls creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:36:45Z [Term] id: PO:0025501 name: fruit formation stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) that begins with the formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) that is contained in the fruit (PO:0009001) being studied and ends when that fruit's fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502) begins." [POC:curators] comment: A fruit formation stage may begin without fertilization or formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions. This stage applies to an individual fruit. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042). subset: Maize xref: OBO_SF_PO:3577355 is_a: PO:0001002 ! fruit development stage relationship: has_participant PO:0009001 ! fruit created_by: rwalls creation_date: 2012-10-06T08:08:16Z [Term] id: PO:0025503 name: fruit initiation stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A fruit formation stage (PO:0025501) that begins with the formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) that is contained in the fruit (PO:0009001) being studied and ends when the plant cells (PO:0009002) in the fruit begin to divide or expand." [POC:curators] comment: The fruit initiation stage may begin without fertilization or formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions. This stage ends as soon as plant cells (PO:0009002) in a developing fruit begin to divide or expand and may be very brief. This stage is to be used for an individual fruit. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit formation stage up to 10% (PO:0007032). subset: Maize xref: OBO_SF_PO:3577359 is_a: PO:0025501 ! fruit formation stage created_by: rwalls creation_date: 2012-10-06T08:08:16Z [Term] id: PO:0025505 name: fruit size 10 to 30% stage namespace: plant_structure_development_stage def: "A fruit formation stage (PO:0025501) that spans the interval when a fruit (PO:0009001) has reached 10% to 30% of its final size." [POC:curators] comment: Succeeds a fruit size up to 10% stage (PO:0025504) and proceeds a fruit size 30 to 50% stage (PO:0025506). This term can only be used if the final size of the fruit is known. This stage is to be used for an individual fruit. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit formation stage 10 to 30% (PO:0007009). subset: Maize xref: OBO_SF_PO:3577359 is_a: PO:0025501 ! fruit formation stage created_by: rwalls creation_date: 2012-10-06T11:01:04Z [Term] id: PO:0025597 name: ear infructescence namespace: plant_anatomy def: "An infructescence (PO:0006342) in Zea species that bears kernels (i.e. fruit; PO:0009001) on a compact infructescence axis (PO:0025242) and develops from the ear inflorescence (PO:0020136)." [POC:Laurel_Cooper] subset: Maize xref: OBO_SF2_PO:580 is_a: PO:0006342 ! infructescence relationship: develops_from PO:0020136 ! ear inflorescence created_by: cooperl creation_date: 2013-12-07T11:57:21Z [Term] id: PO:0025611 name: stem tegument layer namespace: plant_anatomy def: "A portion of shoot axis tegument layer (PO:0025609) that a tough, protective outer layer on a stem (PO:0009047) and includes as parts a stem hypodermis (PO:0025610) and a stem epidermis (PO:0025178)." [POC:Cooperl] subset: Angiosperm subset: Maize subset: Poaceae subset: Rice synonym: "stem rind " EXACT [] xref: OBO_SF2_PO:596 is_a: PO:0025609 ! shoot axis tegument layer relationship: has_part PO:0025178 ! stem epidermis relationship: has_part PO:0025610 ! stem hypodermis created_by: cooperl creation_date: 2014-06-13T16:47:24Z